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  3. A "LOST TRIBE" that reached America from Australia may have been. the first Native Americans, according to a new theory. (46

A "LOST TRIBE" that reached America from Australia may have been. the first Native Americans, according to a new theory. (46

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问题     A "LOST TRIBE" that reached America from Australia may have been. the first Native Americans, according to a new theory.
    (46)If proved by DNA evidence, the theory will shatter long established beliefs about the southerly migration of people who entered America across the Bering Strait, found it empty and occupied it. On this theory rests the authority of Native Americans (previously known as Red Indians) to have been the first true Americans. They would be relegated to the ranks of also-rans, beaten to the New World by Aboriginals in boats.
    To a European, this may seem like an academic argument, but to Americans it is a philosophical question about identity, Silvia Gonzales of Liverpool John Moores University said.
    Her claims are based on skeletons found in the Baja California Peninsula of Mexico that have skulls quite unlike the broad Mongolian features of Native Americans. These narrow-skulled people have more in common with southern Asians, Aboriginal Australians and people of the South Pacific Rim.
    (47)The bones, stored at the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City, have been carbon-dated and one is 12,700 years old, which places it several thousand years before the arrival of people from the North. "We think there were several migration waves into the Americas at different times by different human groups," Dr. Gonzales said. "The timing, route and point of origin of the first colonization of the Americas remains a most contentious topic in human evolution."
    (48)But comparisons based on skull shape are not considered conclusive by anthropologists, so a team of Mexican and British scientists, backed by the Natural Environment Research Council, has also attempted to extract DNA from the bones. (49)Dr. Gonzales declined yesterday to say exactly what the results were, as they need to be checked, but indicated that they were consistent with an Australian origin.
    (50)She believes that they arrived by boat, settled in what is now Mexico and at other points along the Pacific coast, and survived for thousands of years. The first Spanish colonists and missionaries described the people they found in the area, the Pericue, as slim hunter-gatherers. They lacked much culture, but did have burial customs in which bodies were laid out in the sun before being painted with ochre and buried.
    The Spanish collected the people into missions, where they died out in the 18th century.

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答案这些骨骼保存在墨西哥城国家人类学博物馆里，并经过了碳元素年代测试，其中一个已经有 12,700年的历史了，这比北部移民到达美国的时间还早了几千年。
解析 本句是复合句，句子主干结构是The bones have been carbon-dated and one is 12,700 years old。过去分词短语stored at the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City作定语，修饰bones；which places it several thousand years before the arrival of people from the North是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面提到的"一具骨骼已经有12,700年历史"这件事。本句的翻译应注意被动语态的译法，have been carbon-dated译成"经过了碳元素年代测试"，被动转化为主动。译文进行词义引申，句中carbon-dated原意为"碳元素确定年代"，这里译为"经过碳元素年代测试"，这样意思表达的更为清楚、完整。
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