首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
"The dangerous thing about lying is people don’t understand how the act changes us," says Dan Ariely, behavioural psychologist a
"The dangerous thing about lying is people don’t understand how the act changes us," says Dan Ariely, behavioural psychologist a
admin
2021-01-08
37
问题
"The dangerous thing about lying is people don’t understand how the act changes us," says Dan Ariely, behavioural psychologist at Duke University. Psychologists have documented children lying as early as the age of two. Some experts even consider lying a developmental milestone, like crawling and walking, because it requires sophisticated planning, attention and the ability to see a situation from someone else’s perspective to manipulate them. But, for most people, lying gets limited as we develop a sense of morality and the ability to self-regulate.
Harvard cognitive neuroscientist Joshua Greene says, for most of us, lying takes work. In studies, he gave subjects a chance to deceive for monetary gain while examining their brains in a functional MRI machine, which maps blood flow to active parts of the brain. Some people told the truth instantly and instinctively. But others opted to lie, and they showed increased activity in their frontal parietal (颅腔壁的 ) control network, which is involved in difficult or complex thinking. This suggests that they were deciding between truth and dishonesty—and ultimately opting for the latter. For a follow-up analysis, he found that people whose neural (神经的) reward centres were more active when they won money were also more likely to be among the group of liars—suggesting that lying may have to do with the inability to resist temptation.
External conditions also matter in terms of when and how often we lie. We are more likely to lie, research shows, when we are able to rationalise it, when we are stressed and fatigued or see others being dishonest. And we are less likely to lie when we have moral reminders or when we think others are watching. "We as a society need to understand that, when we don’t punish lying, we increase the probability it will happen again," Ariely says.
In a 2016 study published in the journal Nature Neuroscience, Ariely and colleagues showed how dishonesty alters people’s brains, making it easier to tell lies in the future. When people uttered a falsehood, the scientists noticed a burst of activity in their amygdala. The amygdala is a crucial part of the brain that produces fear, anxiety and emotional responses—including that sinking, guilty feeling you get when you lie. But when scientists had their subjects play a game in which they won money by deceiving their partner, they noticed the negative signals from the amygdala began to decrease. Not only that, but when people faced no consequences for dishonesty, their falsehoods tended to get even more sensational. This means that if you give people multiple opportunities to lie for their own benefit, they start with little lies which get bigger over time.
Under what circumstances do people tend to lie?
选项
A、When they become too emotional.
B、When they face too much peer pressure.
C、When the temptation is too strong.
D、When the consequences are not imminent.
答案
B
解析
细节辨认题。定位段第一、二句指出,外部条件也对“我们”说谎的时间和频率很重要。研究表明,当“我们”能够将谎言合理化时,当“我们”感到压力和疲劳或者看到别人不诚实时,“我们”更有可能撒谎。由此可见,选项B)“当他们面临太多同龄人的压力时”符合when we are stressed这一情况,故为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/edP7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Peoplecannowavoidhavingtosortthroughalbumsfromseveraldifferentfriendswhentryingtoreliveparties,weddingsandot
IsitanywonderthatAmericaisalsoacountryofdangerouslyoverweightpeople?AccordingtoarecentstudybytheNationa
Insuchachanging,complexsocietyformerlysimplesolutionstoinformationalneedsbecomecomplicated.Manyoflife’sproblems
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayexplainingwhyitisunwisetojumptoconclusionsuponseeingorhe
中国灯笼的历史源远流长,可追溯到1800多年前的西汉时期(theWesternHanDynasty)。在古代,每年的元宵节前,人们都会挂起红灯笼,来营造一种节日氛围。中国的灯笼艺人把灯笼工艺与传统的绘画、书法(calligraphy)、剪纸、刺绣(e
要实现教育公平,需要合理配量(allocate)教育资源。
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnHuntingJobswithFakeDiplomas.Youshouldwritea
A、TheyaretooafraidofAmazontoofferonline-groceryservice.B、Theywon’ttakeWalmart’sonline-grocerybusinessseriously.
A、Itallowsonetoshowhispersonalinformation.B、Itoffersonlythechildren’spersonalinformation.C、Itisagainstparents’
A、Havinggreatambitions.B、Remainingtobeaheadclerk.C、Workinghardforthefirm.D、Beingcontentwiththepresent.A说话人对新职
随机试题
第三方物流的优点是()。
在化工生产中,用于扑救可燃气体、可燃液体和电气设备的起初火灾,应使用()
美国学者麦克拉夫林构建的是
A.艾滋病B.黄热病C.肺炭疽D.鼠疫E.渗出性皮肤病《母婴保健法》所指的指定传染病有
国务院有关行业主管部门隶属单位投资建设应由国务院有关行业主管部门核准的项目,可直接向国务院有关行业主管部门提交项目申请报告,并附上项目所在地()的意见。
【案例一】背景材料:某城市引水工程,输水管道为长980m、DN3500钢管,采用顶管法施工;工作井尺寸8mx20m,挖深15m,围护结构为800mm钻孔灌注桩,设四道支撑。工作井挖土前,经检测发现三根钻孔灌注桩桩身强度偏低,
某证券公司办理集合资产业务,下列各项是该公司2007年的投资计划,其中违反规定的是()
【胡亚雷斯改革】东北师范大学2000年世界近代史真题;浙江大学2001年世界近代史真题
在窗体上建立三个菜单(名称分别为:Read、Cale和Save,标题分别为“读入数据”、“计算并输出和“存盘”),然后再添加一个文本框,名称为Text1,MultiLine属性设置为True,ScrollBars属性设置为2(如图所示)。程序运行后,如果执
It’sTimetoPayAttentiontoSleep,theNewHealthFrontier[A]Yourdoctorcouldsoonbeprescribingcrucialsleepastreatment
最新回复
(
0
)