首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
"The dangerous thing about lying is people don’t understand how the act changes us," says Dan Ariely, behavioural psychologist a
"The dangerous thing about lying is people don’t understand how the act changes us," says Dan Ariely, behavioural psychologist a
admin
2021-01-08
39
问题
"The dangerous thing about lying is people don’t understand how the act changes us," says Dan Ariely, behavioural psychologist at Duke University. Psychologists have documented children lying as early as the age of two. Some experts even consider lying a developmental milestone, like crawling and walking, because it requires sophisticated planning, attention and the ability to see a situation from someone else’s perspective to manipulate them. But, for most people, lying gets limited as we develop a sense of morality and the ability to self-regulate.
Harvard cognitive neuroscientist Joshua Greene says, for most of us, lying takes work. In studies, he gave subjects a chance to deceive for monetary gain while examining their brains in a functional MRI machine, which maps blood flow to active parts of the brain. Some people told the truth instantly and instinctively. But others opted to lie, and they showed increased activity in their frontal parietal (颅腔壁的 ) control network, which is involved in difficult or complex thinking. This suggests that they were deciding between truth and dishonesty—and ultimately opting for the latter. For a follow-up analysis, he found that people whose neural (神经的) reward centres were more active when they won money were also more likely to be among the group of liars—suggesting that lying may have to do with the inability to resist temptation.
External conditions also matter in terms of when and how often we lie. We are more likely to lie, research shows, when we are able to rationalise it, when we are stressed and fatigued or see others being dishonest. And we are less likely to lie when we have moral reminders or when we think others are watching. "We as a society need to understand that, when we don’t punish lying, we increase the probability it will happen again," Ariely says.
In a 2016 study published in the journal Nature Neuroscience, Ariely and colleagues showed how dishonesty alters people’s brains, making it easier to tell lies in the future. When people uttered a falsehood, the scientists noticed a burst of activity in their amygdala. The amygdala is a crucial part of the brain that produces fear, anxiety and emotional responses—including that sinking, guilty feeling you get when you lie. But when scientists had their subjects play a game in which they won money by deceiving their partner, they noticed the negative signals from the amygdala began to decrease. Not only that, but when people faced no consequences for dishonesty, their falsehoods tended to get even more sensational. This means that if you give people multiple opportunities to lie for their own benefit, they start with little lies which get bigger over time.
Under what circumstances do people tend to lie?
选项
A、When they become too emotional.
B、When they face too much peer pressure.
C、When the temptation is too strong.
D、When the consequences are not imminent.
答案
B
解析
细节辨认题。定位段第一、二句指出,外部条件也对“我们”说谎的时间和频率很重要。研究表明,当“我们”能够将谎言合理化时,当“我们”感到压力和疲劳或者看到别人不诚实时,“我们”更有可能撒谎。由此可见,选项B)“当他们面临太多同龄人的压力时”符合when we are stressed这一情况,故为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/edP7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、HelearnedalotfromhisstudyinEngland.B、Helearnedmanyforeignlanguagesinhiscollege.C、Hewassatisfiedwithhised
Anybrainexerciseisbetterthanbeingatotalmentalcouchpotato.Buttheactivitieswiththemost【C1】______arethosethatr
LatinoyouthsneedbettereducationforArizonatotakefulladvantageofthepossibilitiesthen-explodingpopulationoffers.Ar
Oncetheydecidedtohavechildren,MiShelandCarlMeissnertackledthenextbigissue:Shouldtheytrytohaveagirl?Itwas
OurculturehascausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversal,butthatthegesturesweuseareunders
Officeworkerswhowouldnormallystepintoapuborgymtocopewiththestressofaworkingdayarebeinginvitedinsteadtos
玉(jade)是一种天然的矿产,质地坚硬,色彩多样。古人认为玉能益寿延年、保佑平安,所以中国和亚洲其他国家的人们都喜欢佩戴玉制饰品。现代医学证明玉所含的矿物质的确有利于身体健康。中国许多地方都出产玉石,以新疆和田玉最为著名。在中国传统文化中,玉常常和高贵的
A、Therearedifferentkindsofsoundwaves.B、Differentpeoplehavedifferentabilitiesofsense.C、Therearedifferentkindsof
A、DNAcansolveallthemysteriesinbiology.B、TheDNAoftwogroupsofgreenturtlesaretotallydifferent.C、TheuselessofD
A、Aproductdesignedfornewbornbabies.B、Acompanyprovidingbabysitterservices.C、Atelevisionprogramregardingbabies.D、A
随机试题
下列有关中国之最的说法有误的是()。
环境影响评价是多学科组成的综合技术,其工作内容是()。
以下各项中,()是对报关企业行为规范的正确表述。
根据《行政处罚法》、《行政许可法》、《行政复议法》、《行政复议法实施条例》及行政法理论,下列关于行政机关应当遵守的行政程序基本制度要求的说法中,不正确的有()。
某外商投资企业银行存款(美元)账户上期期末余额为25000美元,上期期末市场汇率为1美元=6.30元人民币。该企业采用当日市场汇率作为记账汇率,该企业本期将其中5000美元在银行兑换为人民币,银行当日美元买入价为1美元=6.25元人民币,当日市场汇率为1美
雨过至城西苏家(宋)黄庭坚飘然一雨洒青春,九陌净无车马尘。渐散紫烟笼帝阙,稍回晴日丽天津。花飞衣袖红香湿,柳拂鞍鞯绿色匀。管领风光唯痛饮,都城谁是得闲人。诗中描写了春雨后的哪些景象?
在经济全球化面前,无论是发展中国家,还是发达国家,都会遇到这样那样的不适应问题。这些问题的根源不在于经济全球化本身,因为经济全球化是给所有人、所有国家提供机遇,如果准备不足,适应不够,那么就可能发生问题。“但是我们不能因为走路崴了脚,就怪地不平,不再往前走
钓鱼岛自古以来就是中国的领土,其正式名称应该叫钓鱼岛列岛,总面积约6.37平方公里,位于123°E~124°E、25°N~26°N,距我国台湾基隆约102海里,距日本那霸约230海里,其海域为沉积盆地,富藏石油。据地理位置推断,下列关于钓鱼岛气候的叙述,正
某品牌的新型插座产品中包含防雷击部件,在电路遭到雷击后能保证所连接电器不受损害。有人提出,应将这种部件作为标准配件安装到该品牌所有的插座产品中;另有人认为这么做会提高产品成本,降低其在行业内的价格竞争优势,且国内行业标准并没有强制要求产品加入防雷部件,故没
Writing&BookCampAugust9—13,2013atVancouverPublicLibraryCallingallwould-bewritersandbooklovers!Sharpenyour
最新回复
(
0
)