首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Three-Year Solution Hartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes this offer to well-prepared
The Three-Year Solution Hartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes this offer to well-prepared
admin
2013-06-02
24
问题
The Three-Year Solution
Hartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes this offer to well-prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of four, and save about $43,000—the amount of one year’s tuition and fees. A number of innovative colleges are making the same offer to students anxious about saving time and money. That’s both an opportunity and a warning for the best higher-education system in the world.
The United States has almost all of the world’s best universities. A recent Chinese survey ranks 35 American universities among the top 50, eight among the top 10. Our research universities have been the key to developing the competitive advantages that help Americans produce 25% of all the world’s wealth. In 2007, 623,805 of the world’s brightest students were attracted to American universities.
Yet, there are signs of peril (危险) within American higher education. U.S. colleges have to compete in the marketplace. Students may choose among 6,000 public, private, nonprofit, for-profit, or religious institutions of higher learning. In addition, almost all of the $32 billion the federal government provides for university research is awarded competitively.
But many colleges and universities are stuck in the past. For instance, the idea of the fall-to-Spring "school year" hasn’t changed much since before the American Revolution, when we were a nation of farmers and students put their books away to work the soil during the summer. That long summer stretch no longer makes sense. Former George Washington University president Stephen Trachtenberg estimates that a typical college uses its facilities for academic purposes a little more than half the calendar year. "While college facilities sit idle, they continue to generate maintenance expenses that contribute to the high cost of running a college," he has written.
Within academic departments, tenure (终身职位), combined with age-discrimination laws, makes faculty turnover — critical for a university to remain current in changing times — difficult. Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure system often stifles (压制) them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging likemindedness and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas.
Meanwhile, tuition has soared, leaving graduating students with unprecedented loan debt. Strong campus presidents to manage these problems are becoming harder to find, and to keep. In fact, students now stay on campus almost as long as their presidents. The average amount of time students now take to complete an undergraduate degree has stretched to six years and seven months as students interrupted by work, inconvenienced by unavailable classes, or lured by one more football season find it hard to graduate.
Congress has tried to help students with college costs through Pell Grants and other forms of tuition support. But some of their fixes have made the problem worse. The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do. Filling out these forms consumes 7% of every tuition dollar.
For all of these reasons, some colleges like Hartwick are rethinking the old way of doing things and questioning decades-old assumptions about what a college degree means. For instance, why does it have to take four years to earn a diploma? This fall, 16 first-year students and four second-year students at Hartwick enrolled in the school’s new three-year degree program. According to the college, the plan is designed for high-ability, highly motivated students who wish to save money or to move along more rapidly toward advanced degrees.
By eliminating that extra year, three-year degree students save 25 % in costs. Instead of taking 30 credits a year, these students take 40. During January, Hartwick runs a four-week course during which students may earn three to four credits on or off campus, including a number of international sites. Summer courses are not required, but a student may enroll in them — and pay extra. Three-year students get first crack at course registration. There are no changes in the number of courses professors teach or in their pay.
The three-year degree isn’t a new idea. Geniuses have always breezed through. Judson College, a 350-student institution in Alabama, has offered students a three-year option for 40 years. Students attend "short terms" in May and June to earn the credits required for graduation. Bates College in Maine and Ball State University in Indiana are among other colleges offering three-year options.
Changes at the high-school level are also helping to make it easier for many students to earn their undergraduate degrees in less time. One of five students arrives at college today with Advanced Placement(AP) credits amounting to a semester or more of college-level work. Many universities, including large schools like the University of Texas, make it easy for these AP students to graduate faster.
For students who don’t plan to stop with an undergraduate degree, the three-year plan may have an even greater appeal. Dr. John Sergent, head of Vanderbilt University Medical School’s residency (住院医生) program, enrolled in Vanderbilt’s undergraduate college in 1959. He entered medical school after only three years as did four or five of his classmates. "My first year of medical school counted as my senior year, which meant I had to take three to four labs a week to get all my sciences in. I ba-sically skipped my senior year," says Sergent. He still had time to be a student senator and meet his wife.
There are, however, drawbacks to moving through school at such a brisk pace. For one, it deprives students of the luxury of time to roam (遨游) intellectually. Compressing everything into three years also leaves less time for growing up, engaging in extracurricular activities, and studying abroad. On crowded campuses it could mean fewer opportunities to get into a prized professor’s class. Iowa’s Waldorf College has graduated several hundred students in its three-year degree programs, but is now phasing out the option. Most Waldorf students wanted the full four-year experience — academically, socially, and athletically. And faculty members will be wary of any change that threatens the core curriculum in the name of moving students into the workforce.
"Most high governmental officials seem to conceive of education in this light — as a way to ensure economic competitiveness and continued economic growth," Derek Bok, former president of Harvard, told The Washington Post. "I strongly disagree with this approach." Another risk: the new campus schedules might eventually produce less revenue for the institution and longer working hours for faculty members.
Adopting a three-year option will not come easily to most schools. Those that wish to tackle tradition and make American campuses more cost-conscious may find it easier to take Trachten-berg’s advice: open campuses year-round. "You could run two complete colleges, with two complete faculties," he says. "That’s without cutting the length of students’ vacations, increasing class sizes, or requiring faculty to teach more."
Whether they experiment with three-year degrees, offer year-round classes, challenge the tenure system —- or all of the above — universities are slowly realizing that to stay competitive and relevant they must adapt to a rapidly changing world.
Expanding the three-year option may be difficult, but it may be less difficult than asking Congress for additional financial help, asking legislators for more state support, or asking students for even higher tuition payments. Campuses willing to adopt convenient schedules along with more-focused, less-expensive degrees may find that they have a competitive advantage in attracting bright, motivated students. These sorts of innovations can help American universities avoid the perils of success.
What is said about the new three-year degree program at Hartwick?
选项
A、Some summer courses are offered free of charge.
B、Its students have to earn more credits each year.
C、Its faculty members teach more hours a week.
D、Non-credit courses are eliminated altogether.
答案
B
解析
该段主要介绍三年制学制的特点(实施的办法),第二句提到这些学生每年要修40个学分,而不是30个学分,可知[B]、是对此特点的同义转述,故为答案。第四句说暑期课程要额外付费,故[A]错。最后一句说没给教师增加教课负担,故[C]错。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/ee67777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutNewton’sPrincipia?Theauthorboldstheviewthattheapplestoryis______.
BillGatesbelievesthattheAmericanhighschoolsare"obsolete"in______.Inordertocompetewithoverseasstudents,America
BillGatesbelievesthattheAmericanhighschoolsare"obsolete"in______.Accordingtotheanther,thechallengeonAmerican
MicrosoftChairmanBillGatesrecentlytoldthenation’sgovernorsthatAmericanhighschooleducationis"obsolete(陈旧的)."Hesa
A、Hehassomethingmoreimportanttodo.B、Hewasattheschoolcommitteethen.C、Hewantstobreakupwiththegirl.D、Hehasl
A、Unstructuredsportactivity.B、Unattainedafterschoolplay.C、Over-protectiveparents.D、Super-demandingcoaching.C对话中,男士问女士
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledIsItNecessaryforaCollegeStudenttoOwnaMobile
CharterSchoolLotteryGambleswithKids’FuturesItseemslikeeverytimeIturnoveracharterschoolrock,someunpleasan
WaterprojectsintheUnitedStatesgainedanewprincipleinthe1930’s.Andduringthistimethenationsuffereditsworsteco
随机试题
高压滑环技术与低压滑环技术共同具有的特点是
A.清脏汤B.泻白散C.玉女煎D.桑菊饮E.犀角地黄汤便血肠道湿热证者,若便血日久,湿热未尽而营阴已亏,应选用的方剂是
患者,女,29岁。甲状腺大部切除后,出现严重且不能恢复的手足抽搐,首选的治疗措施是
工业生产中有毒危险化学品会通过呼吸道等途径进入人体对人造成伤害。进入现场的人员应佩戴防护用具。按作用机理,呼吸道防毒面具可分为()。
变压器到达现场后应进行器身检查,下列可不进行检查的情况有()。
决策者在决策时,要确定一套标准,要求这些标准是()的。
某校五年级学生小童把父亲的集邮册带到学校向同学们炫耀,上课时同学小钟偷偷翻看被老师发现,科学课老师把没收的书交给了班主任阳老师,阳老师随手将集邮册放在自己办公室的书架上,就将此事淡忘了。小童的父亲在发现集邮册不见后问小童,赶到学校,一是向老师道歉,二是要求
下列行为中,属于民事代理行为的是()。
鉴于国内外学者对文化概念的意见很不一致,有人提出:文化也许天然是个模糊的概念,其内涵的不确定导致外延的不确定,很难下一个清楚而_______的定义,我们与其追求一个简单而_______的定义,不如从集合的角度来确定一个有_______的范围。填入画横线部分
在相隔2000km的两地间通过电缆以4800b/s的速率传送3000比特长的数据包,从开始发送到接收完数据需要的时间是(13),如果用50kb/s的卫星信道传送,则需要的时间是(14)。(14)
最新回复
(
0
)