首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Neurotechnology has long been a favorite of science-fiction writers. In Neuromancer, a wildly inventive book by William Gibson w
Neurotechnology has long been a favorite of science-fiction writers. In Neuromancer, a wildly inventive book by William Gibson w
admin
2022-06-18
40
问题
Neurotechnology has long been a favorite of science-fiction writers. In Neuromancer, a wildly inventive book by William Gibson written in 1984, people can use neural implants to jack into the sensory experiences of others. The idea of a neural lace, a mesh that grows into the brain, was conceived by Iain M. Banks in his "Culture" series of novels. The Terminal Man by Michael Crichton, published in 1972, imagines the effects of a brain implant on someone who is convinced that machines are taking over from humans. (Spoiler: not good.)
Where the sci-fi genre led, philosophers are now starting to follow. In Howard Chizeck’s lab at the University of Washington, researchers are working on an implanted device to administer deep-brain stimulation (DBS) in order to treat a common movement disorder called essential tremor. Conventionally, DBS stimulation is always on, wasting energy and depriving the patient of a sense of control. The lab’s ethicist, Tim Brown, a doctoral student of philosophy, says that some DBS patients suffer a sense of alienation and complain of feeling like a robot.
To change that, the team at the University of Washington is using neuronal activity associated with intentional movements as a trigger for turning the device on. But the researchers also want to enable patients to use a conscious thought process to override these settings. That is more useful than it might sound: stimulation currents for essential tremor can cause side-effects like distorted speech, so someone about to give a presentation, say, might wish to shake rather than slur his words.
Giving humans more options of this sort will be essential if some of the bolder visions for brain-computer interfaces are to be realised. Hannah Maslen from the University of Oxford is another ethicist who works on a BCI project, in this case a neural speech prosthesis being developed by a consortium of European researchers. One of her jobs is to think through the distinctions between inner speech and public speech: people need a dependable mechanism for separating out what they want to say from what they think.
That is only one of many ethical questions that the sci-fi versions of brain-computer interfaces bring up. What protection will BCIs offer against neural hacking? Who owns neural data, including information that is gathered for research purposes now but may be decipherable in detail at some point in the future? Where does accountability lie if a user does something wrong? And if brain implants are performed not for therapeutic purposes but to augment people’s abilities, will that make the world an even more unequal place?
For some, these sorts of questions cannot be asked too early: more than any other new technology, BCIs may redefine what it means to be human. For others, they are premature. "The societal-justice problem of who gets access to enhanced memory or vision is a question for the next decades, not years, " says Thomas Cochrane, a neurologist and director of neuroethics at the Centre for Bioethics at Harvard Medical School.
In truth, both arguments are right. It is hard to find anyone who argues that visions of whole-brain implants and AI-human symbiosis are impossible to realize; but harder still to find anyone who thinks something so revolutionary will happen in the near future.
According to Tim Brown, how do DBS patients feel?
选项
A、Excited.
B、Relaxed.
C、Uncomfortable.
D、Curious.
答案
C
解析
根据题干中的Tim Brown,DBS patients定位至第2段。题目问的是根据了Tim Brown所言,DBS患者有什么感觉。该段最后一句说“一些DBS患者会感到有一种疏离感并抱怨感觉自己像一个机器人”,可见DBS患者感受并不好,因此只有C项符合该句表达的含义,A项“兴奋的”、B项“放松的”、D项“好奇的”皆不符合该句表达的含义。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/emuO777K
本试题收录于:
CATTI三级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI三级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
ReconstructingAncientEnvironmentsP1:Archaeologyisparticularlyimportantforlearningaboutprehistoricsocieties,forwhom
TheEarlyHistoryofMotionPicturesP1:Thetechnologythatmadepossibletheprojectionandexhibitionofphotographedmoving
Whydoesthestudentspeaktoherprofessor?
Ifchronichepatitis______cancausecirrhosisorliverfailure.
Besidesteachingteenagerstoprotecttheircomputers,thecourseopenstheirimaginationtothechallengesincyberspace,ands
GiventhatallcountriesotherthantheU.S.haveuniversalhealthcaresystemsinplace,thismayinvitequestionsonwhytheU
Weactuallyfounditallworthtopreparefortheworstconditionwemightface.
Throughouthistoryhas(1)changedhisphysicalenvironmentinordertoimprovehis(2)oflife.Withthetoolsoftechnologyhe
AreyouinterestedinseeingthebeautifulfallfoliageofNewEnglandbuttiredoftrafficjamsandoverbookedhotels?Thenthi
EnvironmentalImpactsofMassTourismVocabularyandExpressionstrivializecontaminationfloraandfaunaaestheti
随机试题
简述法律代书的特点。
我国最早一批检察文书制定于
发病前有明显的情绪紧张、恐惧、疼痛或站立过久等诱发因素,发作时眩晕昏仆,面色苍白,呼吸微弱。汗出肢冷,舌淡,脉沉细微。治法宜首选
瘀滞子宫型产后腹痛的临床症状有
男,31岁,因饱餐后打篮球时突感中腹部剧烈疼痛,阵发加重,伴呕吐,未排气、排便。查体:腹部隆起,压痛明显,肠鸣音亢进。下一步检查方法是
睾丸偏坠胀痛,遇寒则剧,求之何经
2013年11月11日,大学生小潘在浏览门户网站新狐狸网络时看到大幅弹出广告,由网络红人angle邓作为代言人网络购物平台“好东好西”的代言人,推荐上万款各种商品。小潘平时就是angle邓的超级粉丝,再加上看到优惠的价格,不禁怦然心动,遂在“好东好西”平台
现代货币的形式是()。
外国甲公司收购中国境内乙公司的部分资产,收购价款为160万美元,并以该资产作为m资与境内丙公司于2008年4月1日成立了一家中外合资经营企业。甲公司支付乙公司收购价款的下列方式中,符合外商投资企业法律制度规定的是()。
关于合理饮食有利于健康的下列说法正确的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)