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  3. The struggle against malnutrition and hunger is as old as man himself, and never across the face of our planet has outcome been

The struggle against malnutrition and hunger is as old as man himself, and never across the face of our planet has outcome been

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问题    The struggle against malnutrition and hunger is as old as man himself, and never across the face of our planet has outcome been more in doubt. Malnutrition caused much suffering to an estimated 400 million to 1.5 billion of the world’s poor. Even in the wealthy US poverty means undernourishment for an estimated ten to twenty million. Hardest hit are children, whose growing bodies demand two and a half times more protein, pound for pound, than those of adults. Nutrition experts estimate that 70 percent of the children in low-income countries are affected.
   Badly shaped bodies tell the tragic story of malnutrition. Medical science identifies two major types of malnutrition which usually occur in combination. The first, kwashiorkor (恶性营养不良), is typified by the bloated look. The opposite of what we associate with starvation. Accumulated fluids pushing against wasted muscles account for the plumpness of hands, feet, belly, and face. Lean shoulders reveal striking thinness. Caused by an acute lack of protein kwashiorkor can bring brain damage, anemia, diarrhea, irritability, apathy, and loss of appetite.
   On the other hand, stick limbs, a bloated belly, wide eyes, and the stretched skin face of an old person mark victims of marasmus, a word taken from the Greek "to waste away". Lacking calories as well as protein, sufferers may weigh only half as much as normal. With fat gone, the skin hangs in wrinkles or draws tight over bones. With marasmus comes anemia, diarrhea, dehydration, and a very hungry appetite. Children, whose growing bodies require large amounts of protein, have to suffer in greatest numbers, but perhaps only three percent of all child victims suffer the extreme stages described.
   Scientists are doing best to develop new weapons against malnutrition and starvation. But two thirds of the human population of 3.9 billion live in the poorest countries which also have the highest birth rates. Thus, of the 74 million people added to the population each year, four out of five will be born in a country unable to supply its people’s nutritional needs.
Children suffering from "kwashiorkor" will look______.
选项 A、plump in feet and hands, as well as faces and bodies, but their shoulders are very thin
B、bloated all over their bodies
C、plump in feet and hands, as well as faces and bodies, especially in shoulders
D、swollen, an appearance that we associate with starvation
答案A
解析 细节题。根据第二段account for the plumpness of hands，feet，belly，and face得出“浮肿”的问题，而由Lean shoulders reveal striking thinness．得出“特殊的肩膀”。故答案为A。
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