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Millions of school-leavers in the rich world are about to bid a tearful goodbye to their parents and start a new life at univers

admin2017-01-21  52
问题     Millions of school-leavers in the rich world are about to bid a tearful goodbye to their parents and start a new life at university. Some are inspired by a pure love of learning. But most also believe that spending three or four years at university—although accumulating huge debts in the process—will boost their chances of landing a well-paid and secure job.
    Their elders have always told them that education is the best way to equip themselves to thrive in a globalized world. Blue-collar workers will see their jobs offshored and automated, the familiar argument goes. School dropouts will have to cope with a life of cash-strapped insecurity. But the graduate elite will have the world at its feet. There is some evidence to support this view. A recent study from Georgetown University’s Centre on Education and the Workforce argues that "obtaining a post-secondary credential(证书)is almost always worth it. " Educational qualifications are tightly correlated with earnings: an American with a professional degree can expect to pocket $ 3.6 million over a lifetime: one with merely a high-school diploma can expect only $1.3 million. The gap between more- and less-educated earners may be widening. A study in 2002 found that someone with a bachelor’s degree could expect to earn 75% more over a lifetime than someone with only a high-school diploma. Today the premium is even higher.
    But is the past a reliable guide to the future? Or are we at the beginning of a new stage in the relationship between jobs and education? There are good reasons for thinking that old patterns are about to change—and that the current recession-driven downturn in the demand for Western graduates will evolve into something structural. The gale(一阵)of creative destruction that has shaken so many blue-collar workers over the past few decades is beginning to shake the cognitive(认知的)elite as well.
    The supply of university graduates is increasing rapidly. The Chronicle of Higher Education calculates that between 1990 and 2007 the number of students going to university increased by 22% in North America, 74% in Europe, 144% in Latin America and 203% in Asia. In 2007, 150 million people attended university around the world, including 70 million in Asia. Emerging economies are pouring resources into building universities that can compete with the elite of America and Europe. They are also producing professional-services firms such as Tata Consulting Services and Infosys that take fresh graduates and turn them into world-class computer programmers and consultants. The best and the brightest of the rich world must increasingly compete with the best and the brightest from poorer countries that are willing to work harder for less money.
According to their elders’ words, what change will be observed in the future?
选项 A、The blue-collar workers will work overseas.
B、It is difficult to obtain a post-secondary credential.
C、The trend of globalization is enhanced.
D、The manual labor will be replaced by automation.
答案D
解析 事实细节题。本题考查根据他们学长的话，将来会发生怎样的改变。原文中这些大学生的学长对他们所说的话为：接受教育是武装自己，从而使自己在全球化的世界里立于不败之地的最好办法。蓝领工人的工作岗位将会被迁移至海外以及被自动化所代替。同时也对辍学者和毕业生中的精英进行了预测。D)“体力劳动将被自动化所代替”符合原文，故为本题答案。A)“蓝领工人将到海外工作”属于偷换概念，即将“工作岗位”看作“蓝领工人”不符合原文意思，故排除；B)“很难获得高等教育证书”和C)“全球化趋势加强了”在原文都未被提及，故均排除。
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