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  3. Chances are your friends are more popular than you are. It is a basic feature of social networks that has been known about for s

Chances are your friends are more popular than you are. It is a basic feature of social networks that has been known about for s

admin2022-08-04  72
问题     Chances are your friends are more popular than you are. It is a basic feature of social networks that has been known about for some time. Consider both an enthusiastic party hostess with hundreds of acquaintances and an ill-tempered guy, who may have one or two friends. Statistically speaking, the average person is much more likely to know the hostess simply because she has so many more friends. This, in essence, is what is called the "friendship paradox": the friends of any random individual are likely to be more central to the social web than the individual himself.
    Now researchers think this seemingly depressing fact can be made to work as an early warning system to detect outbreaks of contagious diseases. By studying the friends of a randomly selected group of individuals, epidemic disease experts can isolate those people who are more connected to one another and are therefore more likely to catch diseases like the flu early. This could allow health authorities to spot outbreaks weeks in advance of current monitoring methods.
    In a report, Nicholas Christakis from Harvard University and James Fowler from the University of California, San Diego put the friendship paradox to good use. In a trial carried out last autumn, they monitored the spread of flu through students and their friends at Harvard University, and found that their social links were indeed causing them to get infected sooner.
    As this result came after the outbreak, the researchers tried to come up with a real-time measure that could potentially provide an early warning sign of an outbreak as it began to spread. Currently, the conventional methods used to assess an infection lag an outbreak by a week or two. Google’s Flu Trends is at best simultaneous with an outbreak. Dr. Christakis and Dr. Fowler suggest that a compound method might be developed in which the search inquiries of a group of highly connected individuals could be scanned for signs of the flu.
    Although the technique has so far only been demonstrated for the flu and in the social surroundings of a university, the researchers nevertheless think that it could help predict other infectious diseases and do so on a larger scale. Nor should it be difficult to implement. Public-health officials already conduct random sampling, so getting the participants to name a few friends too should not be troublesome. When it comes to infectious diseases, your friends really do say a lot about you.
It can be inferred from the last paragraph that this new research ________.
选项 A、is limited in scale
B、is not easy to implement
C、has limited applications
D、conducts random sampling
答案A
解析 根据题干可直接定位到最后一段。该段第一句提到“目前这种方法仅试用于大学社交环境下流感的传播” (only been demonstrated for the flu and in the social surroundings of a university)，故A项“在规模上有限”为答案。B项“执行起来不容易”与该段第二句“执行起来也不困难”矛盾。C项limited applications“应用范围有限”与文中的“可在更大范围内应用于其他疾病”矛盾。D项“进行抽样调查”的执行者是“公共卫生专员”，而不是new research。
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