首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Architecture History of Domestic Architecture Based on the information in the talk, indicate whether each sentence below charac
Architecture History of Domestic Architecture Based on the information in the talk, indicate whether each sentence below charac
admin
2012-01-14
61
问题
Architecture History of Domestic Architecture
Based on the information in the talk, indicate whether each sentence below characterizes the one-room plan, the two-room plan or the added lean-to plan. For each sentence, click in the correct box. This question is worth 2 points.
In New England today, around eighty houses that were built in the seventeenth century are still standing. Many of these houses—and the documents relating to them—have been thoroughly studied, and some of the houses have been carefully restored to their original condition. These early houses of New England are the greatest single source of knowledge about domestic architecture of the seventeenth century, particularly about details of plan and construction.
All seventeenth-century houses were not alike. There was some variety in their floor plans, with each house being shaped by the circumstances of the family and the characteristics of the site. Nevertheless, it’s possible to identify the three most common plan types, which were the one-room plan, the two- room plan, and the added lean-to plan. We can even figure out the order in which they probably evolved.
The one-room plan was the simplest and the earliest design. It was used in the early cottages at Plymouth and Salem, dating back to the 1620s, and it remained common in smaller and poorer dwellings throughout the century. In the one-room plan, the front door opened into a small entry room, which was then called the "porch." In the porch, there was a steep staircase built up against a massive chimney. The large main room was a combination living-dining-cooking room called the "hall." In this room, there was a huge fireplace set into the chimney mass. The staircase in the porch led to one large sleeping room upstairs.
The second house design was the two-room plan, which was simply the one-room plan with a parlor added at the other side of the chimney and porch. The result was a house with two fireplaces, one in the hall and one in the parlor, that were set back-to-back in the central chimney structure. In several earlier examples of this design, the parlor was actually built onto an older one-room house, enlarging the smaller house. But more common in later examples, both rooms were built at the same time when families could afford it. Upstairs, there were two sleeping rooms, called the "hall chamber" and the "parlor chamber," after the room below each.
The third design, the added lean-to plan, was the result of an addition at the back of the house, making this the largest of the three plans. The lean-to addition had roof rafters leaning against the second-story wall of the main house. The added space was used as a kitchen. The cooking was done in a fireplace added to the back of the central chimney structure. There were two more rooms built on either side of the kitchen. On the cold side of the kitchen, there was a pantry for food storage, and on the warm side, facing the sun on the south, there was a bedroom. Above the kitchen, under the lean-to roof, there was attic space for storage or more sleeping rooms, which you reached by a staircase leading up from the kitchen.
These three house plans form a logical evolutionary sequence. The one room plan was the earliest design. Then the two-room plan was most common up until around 1650. By the year 1700, the lean-to plan was dominant. However, it’s important to note that the one-room plan—although it came earliest—continued to be built throughout the seventeenth century. So, it’s best not to try to determine the age of a colonial house strictly by its plan type, which is not a perfect indicator of the house’s age.
According to the speaker, why are seventeenth-century houses significant to architectural historians?
选项
答案
Two-room plan: There were two stories, and each story had two rooms: ...the two-room plan, which was simply the one-room plan with a parlor added...; Upstairs, there were two sleeping rooms Added lean-to plan: Extra rooms were built onto the back of the house: ... the added lean-to plan, was the result of an addition at the back of the house... ; The added space was used as a kitchen; There were two more rooms built on either side of the kitchen. One-room plan: The house had one large space for cooking, dining, and living: The large main room was a combination living-dining-cooking room called the "hall." Added lean-to plan: A staircase led up from the kitchen to attic space for storage or sleeping: Above the kitchen, under the lean-to roof, there was attic space for storage or more sleeping rooms, which you reached by a staircase leading up from the kitchen. (2.5)
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/fCyO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions14-26,whicharebasedonReadingPassage2below.Keep
Labelthediagrambelow.ChooseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSAND/ORANUMBERfromthepassageforeachanswer.
Usingdataisacomplexbusiness.Wellbeforeachampionship,sportsscientistsandcoachesstarttopreparetheathletebydeve
TheEvolutionaryMystery:CrocodileSurvivesA.Eventhoughcrocodileshaveexistedfor200millionyears,they’reanything
TheprofessoralreadyknowssomethingaboutClarefromher______.
WhatisthepurposeofJaneandRick’smeetingwiththetutor?
Completethenotesbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswerENVIRONMENTALCHANGEDISCUSSIONInSouthe
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.WhyisJilldoubtfulaboutrenewableenergy?
BotonySeedsTheprofessorexplainshowaseedbecomesayoungplant.Summarizetheprocessbyputtingtheeventsinorder.Dra
BotonySeedsHowdoesaseedobtaintheenergyitneedsforgermination?
随机试题
四边孔
1950年6月,中国共产党为争取国家财政经济状况的基本好转而召开的重要会议是()
下列属于输出设备的是_______。
在夏季施用有机磷农药,出现中毒症状,在急诊室进行处理时,首选措施是
下列属于单位工程投入使用验收工作内容的是()。
银行存款余额调节表中,银行对账单余额应减去企业已收银行未收。()
值班备勤是要求各级公安机关在任何时候、任何情况下,始终处于常备不懈的戒备状态,坚守岗位,履行职责,按时交接班,保持公安工作的连续性、有序性,维护良好的社会秩序。()
结合材料回答问题:材料1习见平强调,“一带一路”建设是我国在新的历史条件下实行全方位对外开放的重大举措、推行互利互赢的重要平台。我们必须以更高的站位、更广的视野,在吸取和借鉴历史经验的基础上,以创新的理念和创新的思维,扎扎实实做好各项工作使沿线各国人民
设D:χ2+y2≤R2,则=_______.
将数据库的结构划分成多个层次,是为了提高数据库的逻辑独立性和
最新回复
(
0
)