首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their res
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their res
admin
2016-01-30
104
问题
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the authors’ names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.
No longer. The Internet — and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it — is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.
The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2, 000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1. 2 million articles each year in some 16, 000 journals.
This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones were identified by the report’s authors. There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author(or his employer)to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed openaccess, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the text?
选项
A、The Internet is posing a threat to publishers.
B、A new mode of publication is emerging.
C、Authors welcome the new channel for publication.
D、Publication is rendered easier by online service.
答案
B
解析
主旨题。本文主要介绍了一种新的出版方式,即在线出版正悄然兴起,乃本文主题。故答案为B。选项A不对,应该说互联网对传统出版行业构成威胁,但不威胁出版本身,在线出版商也是出版商。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/fFGO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
(浙江大学2010年试题)ThecharacterofEuropeaneducationdemandsthatthestudentdevelop【1】andsocialindividuality.TheAmerican
(中国矿业大学2010年试题)Morethan600milliongirlsliveinpovertyinthedevelopingworld.Manyofthemare【1】inschoolandareno
ThereisonelastquestionImustdealwithinthischapter.Whyshouldhumanbeingsbemoral?Anotherwayofputtingtheproble
文化并不仅限于语言那么简单,它包含了思想、感情、和感官反映。要知道自己的文化倾向,最准确的指标是我们的直觉反应。语言是一种重要指标,因为没有多少人会用第二外语来表达突如其来的痛楚或愉悦;但同样我们也有明显的非语言指标,如对食物的偏爱。正因为这些反映不受我们
Studentsofthegreatsociety,lookingatmankindinthelongperspectiveofhistory,havefrequentlybeendisposedtoseekane
Today,theTowerofLondonisoneofthemostpopulartourist【C1】______andattractsoverthreemillionvisitorsayear.Itw
Today,theTowerofLondonisoneofthemostpopulartourist【C1】______andattractsoverthreemillionvisitorsayear.Itw
Customhasnotbeencommonlyregardedasasubjectofanygreatmoment.Theinnerworkingsofourownbrainswefeeltobeuniqu
WheneverthepoliticallawsoftheUnitedStatesaretobediscussed,itiswiththedoctrineofthesovereigntyofthepeoplet
Manyofthemostflexibleexamplesoftooluseinanimalscomefromprimates(theorderthatincludeshumans,apes,andmonkeys).
随机试题
毒理学试验中溶剂的选择原则主要有以下几条,除了()
子宫颈癌的预后主要与哪项因素有关
白芷的主产地为
甲有件玉器,欲转让,与乙签订合同,约好10日后交货付款;第二天,丙见该玉器,愿以更高的价格购买,甲遂与丙签订合同,丙当即支付了80%的价款,约好3天后交货;第三天,甲又与丁订立合同,将该玉器卖给丁,并当场交付,但丁仅支付了30%的价款。后乙、丙均要求甲履行
表干法测试马歇尔试件毛体积密度的标准温度为()。
中国古代城市建设史上,超过100万人口的城市不包括()。
从发生早晚的角度看情绪与情感的差异,【】
我国国家行政机关实行的领导制度是()。
用法律管道德问题,旨在利用法律对不道德行为的约束力,即通过规定人们该做什么、不该做什么来惩恶扬善。但是道德问题无法量化,这就令道德立法常常缺乏可操作性。比如,“不让座”的是全车的有座之人,还是与老弱病残孕距离最近的个别人?“常回家看看”的频率是什么,看的程
用盈余公积弥补亏损时,其会计处理是()
最新回复
(
0
)