首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
For most thinkers since the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that there is something called human nature, something that
For most thinkers since the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that there is something called human nature, something that
admin
2019-05-04
132
问题
For most thinkers since the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that there is something called human nature, something that constitutes the essence of man. There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists-that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. Thus man was defined as a rational being, as a social animal, an animal that can make tools, or a symbol-making animal.
More recently, this traditional view has begun to be questioned. One reason for this change was the increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to man. An examination of the history of humanity suggested that man in our epoch is so different from man in previous times that it seemed unrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in common something that can be called "human nature." The historical approach was reinforced, particularly in the United States, by studies in the field of cultural anthropology. The study of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings, and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text. Another factor contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a fixed human nature was that the concept has so often been abused as a shield behind which the most inhuman acts are committed. In the name of human nature, for example, Aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery. Or in order to prove the rationality and necessity of the capitalist form of society, scholars have tried to make a case for acquisitiveness, competitiveness, and selfishness as innate human traits. Popularly, one refers cynically to "human nature" in accepting the inevitability of such undesirable human behavior as greed, murder, cheating and lying.
Another reason for skepticism about the concept of human nature probably lies in the influence of evolutionary thinking. Once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution, the idea of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable. Yet I believe it is precisely from an evolutionary standpoint that we can expect new insight into the problem of the nature of man."
The author mentioned Aristotle, a great ancient thinker, in order to______.
选项
A、emphasize that he contributed a lot to defining the concept of "human nature"
B、show that the concept of "human nature" was used to justify social evils
C、prove that he had a profound influence on the concept of "human nature"
D、support the idea that some human traits are acquired
答案
B
解析
作者以亚里士多德为例,一定是为了说明自己的观点。如果事例出现在文章中,一般都是为了证明事例出现前的观点。所以不难找到Aristotle出现之前的那句话:Another factor contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a fixed human nature was that the concept has so often been abused as a shield behind which the most inhuman acts are committed.由此可知,这个概念被滥用了,成为一些邪恶行为的借口。选项[A]、[C]和[D]都与原意不符。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/fge4777K
0
考研英语二
相关试题推荐
ThemajordifferencebetweennarrativesalesandsuggestivesalesisthatMindycomparessalespeopletowinestewardsinthat_
A.TheconsequenceoflosingbonesB.AbetterlabthanonearthC.TwodifferentcasesD.Multipleeffectsformwei
Asia’srealboat-rockerisagrowingChina,notJapan,aseniorAmericaneconomistobserved.Thereissomuchnoisesurround
Whenitcomestotheeconomy,pessimismisinandgoodoldAmericanoptimismisout.Fromtheheadlinesinthenewspaperstothe
Workingatnonstandardtimes—evenings,nights,orweekends—istakingitstollonAmericanfamilies.One-fifthofallemployedAm
Accordingtoarecentsurveyonmoneyandrelationships,36percentofpeoplearekeepingabankaccountfromtheirpartner.Whi
Somefuturologistshaveassumedthatthevastupsurgeofwomenintheworkforcemayportendarejectionofmarriage.Manywomen,
Onereasonforhopeliesintheextraordinarynatureofhumanintellectualaccomplishment.Ahundredyearsago,theideaofama
ThisweektheNewCommissionontheSkillsoftheAmericanWorkforcereleasesablueprintforrethinkingAmericaneducationtob
ThisweektheNewCommissionontheSkillsoftheAmericanWorkforcereleasesablueprintforrethinkingAmericaneducationtob
随机试题
关于公元前359年商鞅在秦国变法,下列选项中,()是正确的。
Anidealfamilyadmiredbyallconsistedoffivegenerations,withthemalemembersmakingalltheimportantdecisions.
与婴幼儿智力发育密切相关的内分泌腺是
回弹法检测混凝土强度,每一测区应记取()个回弹值。
若,则必有()。
快件营运人应当向所在地检验检疫机构备案登记并提交下列资料:( )
2018年7月20日,A公司向甲公司销售商品一批,开出的增值税专用发票上注明售价为200万元,增值税税额为32万元,商品成本为150万元。该批商品已经发出,甲公司以银行存款代垫运杂费10万元。假定不考虑其他因素,则A公司应确认的销售商品收入的金额为(
2015年12月1日,甲公司与乙公司签订了一份不可撤销的销售合同,双方约定,2016年4月1日,甲公司应按每台56万元的价格(不含增值税,下同)向乙公司提供A产品6台。2015年12月31日,甲公司A产品的账面价值(成本)为392万元,数量为7台,单位成本
Windows98的注册表信息分类存储在三个不同的文件中,它们分别是SYSTEM.DAT、【】.DAT和CONFIG.POL。
采用IEEE802.11b标准将两栋楼的局域网互连为一个逻辑网络,应使用的无线设备是
最新回复
(
0
)