首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
As 56 million children return to the nation’s 133, 000 elementary and secondary schools, the promise of "reform" is again in the
As 56 million children return to the nation’s 133, 000 elementary and secondary schools, the promise of "reform" is again in the
admin
2013-07-02
60
问题
As 56 million children return to the nation’s 133, 000 elementary and secondary schools, the promise of "reform" is again in the air. Education Secretary Arne Duncan has announced $ 4 billion in Race to the Top grants to states whose proposals demonstrated, according to Duncan, "a bold commitment to education reform" and "creativity and innovation that is breathtaking". What they really show is that few subjects inspire more intellectual dishonesty and political puffery(极力吹捧)than "school reform".
To be sure, some improvements have occurred in elementary schools. But what good are they if they’re erased by high school? There’s also been a modest narrowing in the high-school achievement gaps between whites and blacks, although the narrowing generally stopped in the late 1980s.(Average scores have remained stable because, although blacks’ scores have risen slightly, the size of these minority groups has also expanded. This means that their still-low scores exert a bigger drag on the average. The two effects offset each other.)
Standard explanations of this meager progress fail. Too few teachers? Not really. From 1970 to 2008, the student population increased 8 percent while the number of teachers rose 61 percent. Are teachers ill paid? Perhaps, but that’s not obvious. In 2008 the average teacher earned $53, 230; two full-time teachers married to each other and making average pay would rank among the richest 20 percent of households. Maybe more preschools would help. Yet the share of 3- and 4-year-olds in preschool has rocketed from 11 percent in 1965 to 53 percent in 2008.
"Reforms" have disappointed for two reasons. First, no one has yet discovered transformative changes in curriculum or pedagogy(教学法), especially for inner-city schools, that are(in business lingo)"scalable" — that is, easily transferable to other schools, where they would predictably produce achievement gains. Efforts in New York City and Washington, D. C., to raise educational standards involve contentious and precarious school-by-school campaigns to purge "ineffective" -teachers and principals.
The larger cause of failure is almost unmentionable: shrunken student motivation. Students, after all, have to do the work. If the students aren’t motivated, even capable teachers may fail. Motivation comes from many sources: curiosity and ambition; parental expectations; the desire to get into a "good" college; inspiring or intimidating teachers; peer pressure. The unstated assumption of much school "reform" is that if students aren’t motivated, it’s mainly the fault of schools and teachers. The reality is that, as high schools have become more inclusive and adolescent culture has strength-ened, the authority of teachers and schools has eroded.
Motivation has weakened because more students don’t like school, don’t work hard, and don’t do well. The conflict between expanding "access" and raising standards goes against standards.
Against these realities, school-"reform" rhetoric is blissfully evasive. Duncan urges "a great teacher" in every classroom — akin to having every football team composed of Ail-Americans. With that sort of intellectual rigor, what school "reform" promises is more disillusion.
From Para. 2 we can learn that______.
选项
A、elementary schools have made more progress than high schools
B、little improvement has occurred in high schools
C、blacks’ scores in high-school have remained stable
D、more blacks have immigrated to America since 1980s
答案
A
解析
推理判断题。第二段开头提到小学还是有一些进步的,但是这些成果到了高中就不见效了,由此可以推断出小学比高中取得了更多的进步,故[A]项正确。原文说白人和黑人高中生之间的成绩差距也在一定程度上缩小了,所以不能说高中没有任何进步,故排除[B]项。原文说的是白人和黑人高中生的平均分保持稳定,不是说黑人学生的分数没有变化,而且原文提到黑人学生的成绩有所提高,故[C]项错误。原文说黑人少数民族的学生增加了,但是没有指出是来到美国的黑人移民增加了,故[D]项错误。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/g5n7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
ThomasJeffersonwasinauguratedonMarch4,1801.HewasthefirstPresidenttotaketheoathofofficeinthenation’s【C1】____
ThomasJeffersonwasinauguratedonMarch4,1801.HewasthefirstPresidenttotaketheoathofofficeinthenation’s【C1】____
Oneofthegreatestconcernsparentshavewhenfacinganinternationalmoveis,"Whatschoolwillbeavailabletomychild?Wil
A、ThecoffeemarketinBoston.B、Theroleofsupermarketsinthecoffeebusiness.C、AnewtrendintheUnitedStates.D、Theadve
Proofofidentityisrequiredfor______(在大多数银行兑现支票).
A、Herpriorschooling.B、Herage.C、Herresidence.D、Herdrivingrecord.C男士说:“我们只需要登记住址:有姓名和住址的电话账单就可以了。”故答案为C。所有选项都很简短,表面上提供不了
A、Thetrainseldomarrivesontime.B、Theschedulehasbeenmisprinted.C、Thespeakersarrivedatthestationlate.D、Thecompan
HowtoGetaGreatIdeaTheguestshadarrived,andthewinewaswarm.Onceagain,I’dforgottentorefrigerateit."Don’tw
HowtoGetaGreatIdeaTheguestshadarrived,andthewinewaswarm.Onceagain,I’dforgottentorefrigerateit."Don’tw
A、Therearefourchildreninthefamily.B、Tomistooyoungtostartschooling.C、Janemustbetheeldestinhisfamily.D、Bill
随机试题
沟通要具备三个条件:
在PowerPoint中,关于幻灯片切换,说法不正确的是()
A.伤后24~48小时B.伤后2~3天C.伤后5~7天D.伤后2周E.伤后1个月伤口两侧出现胶原纤维连接发生在
A.骨髓B.胸腺C.脾D.中胚叶E.肝胚胎第6周后主要造血器官是
【设计条件】.某单位拟在已建的办公楼和已建的10层住宅楼之间布置一栋商住楼。所在场地断面现状,如图2-4-5(a)所示。.拟建商住楼的耐火等级为一级,规划限制高度为30m,底部裙房为商场且层高为4m,二层以上为住宅楼且层高为3m,进深≥
某市税务机关在2010年年初税务检查中发现,甲公司2009年应缴纳的一笔100万元税款一直拖欠未缴,经限期缴纳后仍不缴纳。经查甲公司仅剩一处价值100万元的房产,但该房产已于2010年1月10日向乙银行设定抵押,贷款100万元。对于该房产,以下说法正确的是
承认推行户籍法的难度,并不意味着可以无限期地搁置制定这部法律。法治社会的要义,就是通过法律来解决问题、协调矛盾,而不能等到所有问题都解决了,所有矛盾都消失了,才平平稳稳地推出一部迟到的法律。一些政策的推行,固然可以为法律的实施铺平道路、扫除障碍,然而政策终
当单击一个超级链接时,Web浏览器Access将根据______到达指定目标。
Aderivativeisasecuritywhich"derives"itsvaluefromanotherunderlying(61)instrument,index,orotherinvestment.Der
Nappingisoneofthebest,mostunderusedtoolsforbusypeople.Itisfrowned【C1】______bymanypeopleandisviewingasso
最新回复
(
0
)