首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. How to Choose Flooring Materials Source Some properties
Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. How to Choose Flooring Materials Source Some properties
admin
2017-02-25
73
问题
Complete the notes below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
How to Choose Flooring Materials
Source
Some properties of materials affect mood, such as______, texture and color.
We’ve been talking about choosing building materials in the last week. Now, a great many factors influence the choice of building materials. You can’t make a house of cards, right? And "people who live in glass houses..." and all that.. .Anyhow, today I’d like to say a few words about flooring.
Some artificial materials can be used, like plastic for instance, which offer mixed blessings when used as a flooring surface. On the one hand, plastic is cheaper than nearly any other alternative, short of bare ground. Plastic also does not warp like wood. On the other hand, the best that can be said about plastic is that it "looks like" wood or stone. However, it cannot replace the real materials. As I have mentioned, I’m fixing up a new house. The decorator my wife hired told me, "Plastic does a great job of looking exactly like plastic." Besides, it scratches easily, fades or discolors, and starts cracking within a year or two. So, if you’re fitting out a sleazy hotel or plan to live in a trailer park, go with the plastic. Really, though, for all intents and purposes, this leaves us with wood or stone as choices for flooring.
Stone and wood are alike in at least one respect: both go through processing before they can be put to use. Since few of us cut our own lumber or quarry our own stone, this is not perhaps a pressing concern. Still, do-it-yourselfers would do well to remember to buy only properly seasoned wood. Unseasoned wood warps and a warped floor quickly becomes firewood(and its owner quickly becomes poorer). Likewise, except for dull-hued materials like slate or sandstone, most stone floors are polished before installation. The choice goes well beyond just wood or stone - each type requires many further considerations. A few special remarks are called for when considering wood, for example. As always, aesthetics, personal taste, and layout all play roles as well as the type of house or room. Oh, and certainly don’t forget the cost. When it comes to cost, a rule of thumb is that the softer and less exotic the wood, the lower the cost. In the U.S., for instance, pine is both ubiquitous and cheap. Mahogany is imported and exorbitantly expensive. If you’re on any kind of budget when remodeling, it’s really helpful to remember to go for the softer woods.
Aside from cost, there are still lots of different factors that are important in choosing the best flooring for the job. Continuing with the example of wood, one must consider the effects of each type of wood on the mood of the room. When selecting the best wood to use, particular attention needs to be paid to its grain patterns, texture, and color. In rooms where relaxation or deep thought is the aim - say bedrooms or the study - dark, strong grained woods are the rule. Here the grain ought to match the furniture for a feeling of homogeneity. In rooms where activity and motion are typical - the dining room or living room - lighter, finer-grained lumber is more suitable. In such a setting, the wood grain might be useful in offering a contrast to the furniture. This leads to a feel of subconscious excitement, in keeping with the room’s function.
In either case, though, consult a decorator. It is a decorator’s job to know what materials to use to fit the function of the room. Though some things about putting together a room are subjective and based on one’s individual taste, materials appropriate to a room’s function are much more straightforward. A decorator takes the needs of the customer and uses a mathematical formula, rather than subjective words. Since feelings vary from person to person, verbal descriptions of wood types tend to be ambiguous. You want the wood you select, not something approximate! And if you do decide to do it yourself, remember that all wood must be treated with preservatives to enhance its appearance and preserve its natural beauty.
In the case of stone, or "quarry tile" as flat-cut flooring stone is properly called, a new set of considerations must be weighed up. Simple color aside, the degree of reflection must be kept in mind. This is called the "reflectance rate", which is expressed in a number between 0.0 and 1.0, depending on the amount of light it reflects.
At one end of the scale is polished silver. At a rating of 1.0, this shiny surface reflects nearly all of the light directed at it. Numbers closer to zero describe materials that absorb more light. Moving down the scale a bit, we see the plastic that has been painted white has a rate of 0.8, which makes sense. We know that the color white reflects all other color while black absorbs all color, and plastic itself is a relatively reflective material.
Materials that are denser and darker have reflectance rates much closer to zero. The quarry tile I mentioned a while ago has a rate of 0.1. As you may know, quarry tile is generally dark brown and made from clay so it is quite dense. Of course, there is considerable variation among types of quarry tile because of the hue or treatment of the clay during its creation.
Does anyone have guesses as to what materials may have a rate of almost 0.0? We can guess most of these materials are black in color, but plastic, wood, and even stone reflect some light. One material with a rate of almost 0.0 is black velvet. The texture produces almost no shine at all.
Carrera marble, despite its white hue, is actually lower in reflectivity than black onyx! In any case, the fact that tiles vary somewhat should not be forgotten. A highly reflective floor would not be suitable in a library; it would be indispensible in a ballroom(should your home be large enough to feature one). Again, a rule of thumb is that "light means lively". Since form and material follow function, one should only use the more reflective materials in rooms where the cultivation and expression of energy is important. Bear in mind too that most types of stone cost more than all but the rarest of wood.
Of course, there is no reason why some rooms of a house should not feature wood floors or other stone tiles. You can even mix the two. A room with wood panels on the walls can have a beautiful stone floor. My bedroom has white birch walls and a light blue slate floor. The place looks like a Russian hunting lodge. Remember, though, go with what feels right for you. Good taste and the "laws" of interior design are the home-owner’s servants, not his master. It’s only beautiful when you decide it is. I mean, you’re the one who lives there, not the decorator, right? OK, are there any questions?
选项
答案
grain patterns
解析
grain patterns本题比较容易听出录音中出现了几个并列名词,只是在拼写时需要注意。而pattern这个单词在剑桥8 Test 1 Section 4中也有出现,由此我们不难看出雅思听力的答案范围实际上比较有限。一定要注重场景词汇的听写。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/gB8O777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.ThechartsbelowshowthenumberofJapanesetouriststravellingabroadbetween
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.Youwantsomethingthatyoucan’tbuyinyourowncountry.Youdecidetoaskan
Corporalpunishmenthasbeenpracticedinfamiliesforquitealongtime.Inrecentyears,people’sattitudestowardsthispract
TVandInternetareverypopularnowadays.Somepeoplesaythattheywillreplacebooksasthemainsourcesofinformation.
Somepeoplethinkthatexaminationshavesomebadeffectsonstudents.Somepeoplesaytheyhavesomegoodeffectsoneducation.
Somepeoplethinkthatstudyinginacollegeoruniversityisthebestwayforstudentstoprepareforfuturecareer.Butothers
Youhaveboughtanmp3atashop.Onreachinghome,youdiscoverafaultwithit.Writealettertotheshopauthority.Iny
ThegraphbelowshowstheunemploymentlevelsinIrelandandthenumberofpeopleleavingthecountrybetween1988and2008.Sum
Surveysconductedin1982and2002showdifferentpicturesofwhatmotivatestudentstochooseacollegeoruniversityintheUK
Questions27-30Foreachquestion,onlyONEofthechoicesiscorrect.Writethecorrespondingletterintheappropriateboxon
随机试题
女性,54岁。优秀话务员,近几年怀疑丈夫有外遇,看电视时激动,控制不住,外出走失1周找不到自己家,住在露天,公安人员收留送回家,吃饭用手抓着吃,记忆力下降,行为幼稚。既往高血压7年,脑梗死后10个月,神经系统检查:BP225/110mmHg,说话口齿不清,
Forinstance,wheninanewsituation,anintelligentpersonthinksaboutthesituation,notabouthimselforwhatmighthappent
特发性血小板减少性紫癜的主要出血部位是
建筑安装工程费用定额一般包括()。
某项贷款年利率为8%,银行要求的补偿性余额维持在25%水平基础上。那么该贷款的实际利率是()。
一、注意事项1.申论考试与传统的作文考试不同,是分析驾驭材料的能力与表达能力并重的考试。2.作答参考时限:阅读资料40分钟,作答110分钟。3.仔细阅读给定的资料,按照后面提出的“申论要求”依次作答在答题纸指定位置。4.答题时请认准题号,避免答错位
某刑事人类学家在对260名杀人犯的外貌进行了考察后,发现他们具有一些共同的生理特征,于是得出“杀人犯具有广颚、颧骨凸出、头发黑而短特征”的结论。以下哪项与上述推理方式相同?
研究表明,高胆固醇高脂肪的饮食习惯能够导致心脑血管疾病。法国人喜欢美食,吃的高胆固醇高脂肪的食物不少,比如鹅肝、鱼子酱,得心血管疾病的比例却比其他国家要低—这个现象被称为“法国悖论”。以下哪项如果为真,最无助于解释“法国悖论”?
Howlongyoulivehasalottodowithyourenvironmentandlifestyle,butexceptionallongevitymayhaveevenmoretodowithy
Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessaybasedonthefollowingtable.Describethetableandstateyouropinion.Yoush
最新回复
(
0
)