首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the 1350s poor countrymen began to have cottages and gardens which they could call their own. Were these fourteenth-century p
In the 1350s poor countrymen began to have cottages and gardens which they could call their own. Were these fourteenth-century p
admin
2015-01-09
73
问题
In the 1350s poor countrymen began to have cottages and gardens which they could call their own. Were these fourteenth-century peasants,then,the originators of the cottage garden? Not really:the making and planting of small mixed gardens had been pioneered by others,and the cottager had at least two good examples which he could follow. His garden plants might and to some extent did come from the surrounding countryside,but a great many came from the monastery gardens. As to the general plan of the small garden,in so far as it had one at all,that had its origin not in the country,but in the town.
The first gardens to be developed and planted by the owners or tenants of small houses town cottages as it were,were almost certainly those of the suburbs of the free cities of Italy and Germany in the early Middle Ages. Thus the suburban garden,far from being a descendant of the country cottage garden, is its ancestor,and older,in all probability,by about two centuries. On the face of it a paradox,in fact this is really logical enough:it was in such towns that there first emerged a class of man who was free and who,without being rich,owned his own small houses craftsman or tradesman protected by his guild from the great barons,and from the petty ones too. Moreover.it was in the towns,rather than in the country, where the countryside provided herbs and even wild vegetables,that men needed to cultivate pot-herbs and salads. It was also in the towns that there existed a demand for market-garden produce.
London lagged well behind the Italian,Flemish,German and French free cities in this bourgeois progress towards the freedom of having a garden;yet,as early as the thirteenth century,well before the Black Death,Fitz Steven,biographer of Thomas a Becket, was writing that,in London: "On all sides outside the house of the citizens who dwell in the suburbs there are adjoining gardens planted with trees, both spacious and pleasing to the sight".
Then there is the monastery garden,quoted often as a "source" of the cottage garden in innumerable histories of gardening. The gardens of the great religious establishments of the eighth and ninth centuries had two origins:St. Augustine,copying the Greek academe did his teaching in a small garden presented to him for that purpose by a rich friend:thus the idea of a garden-school,which began among the Greek philosopher-teachers,was carried on by the Christian church. In the second place,since one of the charities undertaken by most religious orders was that of healing,monasteries and nunneries needed a garden of medicinal herbs. Such physic gardens were soon supplemented by vegetable,salad and fruit gardens in those monasteries which enjoined upon their members the duty of raising their own food,or at least a part of it. They tended next to develop,willy-nilly into flower gardens simply because many of the herbaceous plants grown for medicinal purposes,or for their fragrance as strewing herbs,had pretty flowers— for example,violets,marjoram,pinks,primroses,madonna lilies and roses. In due course these flowers came to be grown for their own sakes,especially since some of them. Lilies and roses notably,had a ritual or religious significance of their own. The madonna lily had been Aphrodite’s symbolic flower.it became Mary’s;yet its first association with horticulture was economic;a salve or ointment was made from the bulb.
Much earlier than is commonly realized,certain monastic gardeners were making remarkable progress in scientific horticulture—for example,in forcing flowers and fruit out of season in cloister and courtyard gardens used as conservatories—which had lessons to teach cottagers as well as castle-dwellers.
What reason is given for the development of gardens in towns?
选项
A、There were special market areas in the large towns.
B、The medieval citizen could cultivate the plants he wanted.
C、The town dwellers longed for the edible wild plants they knew in their youth.
D、The market sellers had not enough of their own cultivated herbs for sale.
答案
A
解析
题目问:城市园林发展的原因是什么?通过文章内容可知,这样小镇的人们需要种植植物性香料和生菜,这和乡下不同,那里种的是植物和蔬菜。正是在这样的小镇,花园中种出的农产品满足了市场的需求。所以,答案是A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/gQLO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Itwasnotuntilshereturnedhome______sherealizedshehadalmostwastedtenofhervaluablehours.
Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch______Ivisitedmyparentsinthecountrysidelastyear.
Parentshavealegal______toensurethattheirchildrenareprovidedwithefficienteducationsuitabletotheirage.
Hemovedawayfromhisparents,andmissedthem______enjoytheexcitinglifeinNewYork.
Mostpeoplewouldbe【71】bythehighqualityofmedicine【72】tomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealof【
Mostpeoplewouldbe【71】bythehighqualityofmedicine【72】tomostAmericans.Thereisalotofspecialization,agreatdealof【
Despiteeffortstoprovidethemwithalternativessuchastheshelter,womenfrequentlyandrepeatedlyreturnedtoviolentanda
Despiteeffortstoprovidethemwithalternativessuchastheshelter,womenfrequentlyandrepeatedlyreturnedtoviolentanda
随机试题
现代教育评价的特点有哪些?
管理会计正式形成和发展于()
胃痛病名在唐宋以前中医文献中最常与何病混淆
长期大量应用氯丙嗪治疗精神病时,最常见的不良反应是
从法所规定的内容来分,有()。
根据法律规定,延付或者拒付租金的诉讼时效是( )。
影响可转换公司债券价值的因素包括( )。
下列关于印花税征收管理规定的说法中,正确的有()。
国债产生的直接原因是( )。
ThenativepeopleofNorthandSouthAmericaweregiventhename"Indians"bythe【D1】______ChristopherColumbus.Hethoughthe
最新回复
(
0
)