首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
A fundamental problem for understanding the evolution of human language has been the lack of significant parallels among nonhuma
A fundamental problem for understanding the evolution of human language has been the lack of significant parallels among nonhuma
admin
2019-01-01
90
问题
A fundamental problem for understanding the evolution of human language has been the lack of significant parallels among nonhuman primates. Several studies found that nonhuman primates do not have a vocal tract. However, such points have been challenged by recent research, suggesting that nonhuman primates may after all be valuable models for understanding the evolution of speech and language.
The main animal model for vocal learning has been birdsong acquisition. However, there are crucial differences between birdsong acquisition and human language learning. And given some severe limitations, for example, birds have two vocal organs and do not have the flexible supralaryn-geal structures that facilitate speech, of birdsong as a model of speech, there is value in seeking other appropriate parallels among mammals.
Recent studies on macaques and baboons have shown that the vocal tracts of these monkeys can produce a full range of human-like vowels. Turn-taking is a key to fluent human conversation and has been thought to be unique to humans. One study found that captive chimpanzees increasingly share resources when resources are diminished. Collaborative turn-taking for food has been seen in other primates. These recent studies show that there is value in looking for the evolutionary origins of speech and language in nonhuman primates.
Human speech and language are highly complex systems with multiple components. Thus, to fully explain language origins, researchers must seek multiple models that represent both diverging and
converging
evolutionary processes. There may also be differences among primate species in the developmental processes that parallel human language acquisition. However, no studies have yet described vowel-like sounds in these monkeys, so marmosets and tamarins may be useful primarily for developmental studies.
It is probable that early humans faced evolutionary pressures that differed from those encountered by other primates and that have made our complex communication system adaptive. Language may have been important for coordinating activities in large cooperative groups. If individuals can thrive without complex vocal signaling, there would be little motivation to push the communication further. Different sensory and motor systems may be important. We tend to evaluate language through a vocal / auditory system, whereas research on apes is beginning to illustrate the complexity of gestural communication.
Nonhuman primates do not talk, but we should not expect them to. Each species has its own adaptations for communication. Nevertheless, there is much about language evolution that we can learn from nonhuman primates, provided that we study a variety of species and consider the multiple components of speech and language.
Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
选项
A、Learning from Monkey "Talk"
B、Nonhuman Primates
C、The Evolution of Human Language
D、Seeking Multiple Models
答案
A
解析
纵览全文可知,其首段末句nonhuman primates may after all be valuable models for understanding the evolution of speech and language和末段末句there is much about language evolution that we can learn from nonhuman primates都告诉我们应该从猴子的语言入手研究人类语言,故A项正确。B项“非人灵长类”、C项“人类语言的进化”和D项“寻找多样化的模型”均是文中的某个小细节,不能全面地概括全文,故选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/gi6Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Theproblemwithtoday’shousingcrisis,politically,isthatitisjustnotallthatvisible.AttheendoftheSecondWorldWa
InalabinOxfordUniversity’sexperimentalpsychologydepartment,researcherRoiCohenKa-doshistestingarelativelynewbra
InalabinOxfordUniversity’sexperimentalpsychologydepartment,researcherRoiCohenKa-doshistestingarelativelynewbra
InalabinOxfordUniversity’sexperimentalpsychologydepartment,researcherRoiCohenKa-doshistestingarelativelynewbra
Consumersandproducersobviouslymakedecisionsthatmoldtheeconomy,butthereisathirdmajor【C1】______toconsidertherole
Consumersandproducersobviouslymakedecisionsthatmoldtheeconomy,butthereisathirdmajor【C1】______toconsidertherole
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)【C1】______ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakers
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)【C1】______ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakers
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)【C1】______ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakers
随机试题
法庭上,法官正试图对甲、乙、丙三个嫌疑犯的身份作出判断。他们三个人要么是专说假话的小偷,要么是绝对诚实的君子。法官依次向他们提出问题。他先问甲:“你是什么人?”甲说的是地方方言,法官听不懂,于是法官问乙和丙:“甲回答的是什么?”对此,乙说:“甲说他是君子。
不能造成抽油机减速箱漏油的原因是()。
患者女性,29岁。患风湿病8年,因不明原因发热1周来院就医,查体:T38.5℃,心尖区收缩期吹风样杂音Ⅱ级,肺听诊阴性,左足底可见紫红色结节,有压痛感,WBCl4×109/L,M80%,Hb80g/L,临床拟诊为亚急性感染心内膜炎。亚急性感染性心内膜炎
“正气存内,邪不可干”说明正气可
施工企业根据监理企业制定的旁站监理方案,在需要实施旁站监理的关键部位、关键工序进行施工前()h,应当书面通知监理企业派驻工地的项目监理机构。
TD-LTE系统中没有使用智能天线技术。()
【2014.吉林延边】“富贵不能淫,贫贱不能移,威武不能屈”这是谁的教育思想?()
信息系统设计是开发阶段的重要内容,主要任务包括_____________:①明确组织对信息系统的实际需求,制定系统架构②对系统进行经济、技术条件、运行环境和用户使用等方面的可行性研究③选择计算机、操作系统、数据库、网络及技术等方案④确定软件系统的模
以下关于过程及过程参数的描述中,错误的是( )。
TORTUOUS:
最新回复
(
0
)