首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
A fundamental problem for understanding the evolution of human language has been the lack of significant parallels among nonhuma
A fundamental problem for understanding the evolution of human language has been the lack of significant parallels among nonhuma
admin
2019-01-01
75
问题
A fundamental problem for understanding the evolution of human language has been the lack of significant parallels among nonhuman primates. Several studies found that nonhuman primates do not have a vocal tract. However, such points have been challenged by recent research, suggesting that nonhuman primates may after all be valuable models for understanding the evolution of speech and language.
The main animal model for vocal learning has been birdsong acquisition. However, there are crucial differences between birdsong acquisition and human language learning. And given some severe limitations, for example, birds have two vocal organs and do not have the flexible supralaryn-geal structures that facilitate speech, of birdsong as a model of speech, there is value in seeking other appropriate parallels among mammals.
Recent studies on macaques and baboons have shown that the vocal tracts of these monkeys can produce a full range of human-like vowels. Turn-taking is a key to fluent human conversation and has been thought to be unique to humans. One study found that captive chimpanzees increasingly share resources when resources are diminished. Collaborative turn-taking for food has been seen in other primates. These recent studies show that there is value in looking for the evolutionary origins of speech and language in nonhuman primates.
Human speech and language are highly complex systems with multiple components. Thus, to fully explain language origins, researchers must seek multiple models that represent both diverging and
converging
evolutionary processes. There may also be differences among primate species in the developmental processes that parallel human language acquisition. However, no studies have yet described vowel-like sounds in these monkeys, so marmosets and tamarins may be useful primarily for developmental studies.
It is probable that early humans faced evolutionary pressures that differed from those encountered by other primates and that have made our complex communication system adaptive. Language may have been important for coordinating activities in large cooperative groups. If individuals can thrive without complex vocal signaling, there would be little motivation to push the communication further. Different sensory and motor systems may be important. We tend to evaluate language through a vocal / auditory system, whereas research on apes is beginning to illustrate the complexity of gestural communication.
Nonhuman primates do not talk, but we should not expect them to. Each species has its own adaptations for communication. Nevertheless, there is much about language evolution that we can learn from nonhuman primates, provided that we study a variety of species and consider the multiple components of speech and language.
Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
选项
A、Learning from Monkey "Talk"
B、Nonhuman Primates
C、The Evolution of Human Language
D、Seeking Multiple Models
答案
A
解析
纵览全文可知,其首段末句nonhuman primates may after all be valuable models for understanding the evolution of speech and language和末段末句there is much about language evolution that we can learn from nonhuman primates都告诉我们应该从猴子的语言入手研究人类语言,故A项正确。B项“非人灵长类”、C项“人类语言的进化”和D项“寻找多样化的模型”均是文中的某个小细节,不能全面地概括全文,故选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/gi6Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Theproblemwithtoday’shousingcrisis,politically,isthatitisjustnotallthatvisible.AttheendoftheSecondWorldWa
Theproblemwithtoday’shousingcrisis,politically,isthatitisjustnotallthatvisible.AttheendoftheSecondWorldWa
InalabinOxfordUniversity’sexperimentalpsychologydepartment,researcherRoiCohenKa-doshistestingarelativelynewbra
Consumersandproducersobviouslymakedecisionsthatmoldtheeconomy,butthereisathirdmajor【C1】______toconsidertherole
Consumersandproducersobviouslymakedecisionsthatmoldtheeconomy,butthereisathirdmajor【C1】______toconsidertherole
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)【C1】______ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakers
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)【C1】______ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakers
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)【C1】______ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakers
Thearrivalofthemass-producedcar,justoveracenturyago,causeda(n)【C1】______ofbusinesscreation.Firstcamethemakers
随机试题
从A地前往B地的道路的前40%的路程为上坡路,其余为下坡路。张某驾驶满载的汽车从A地去B地卸货,然后空车返回A地。已知他满载时上坡的速度是下坡速度的一半,空车时上、下坡的速度分别是满载时的1.5倍和1.2倍。问:他返程的用时是去程的多少倍?
内分泌功能亢进的治疗原则有
关于真性红细胞增多症的叙述,下列正确的是()
A.淀粉粒B.脂肪油C.糊粉粒D.硅质E.草酸钙结晶加碘试液显蓝、紫色是检查()。
不同平面坐标系统间常采用相似变换,其变换一般需要()转换参数,求解转换参数的个数以及至少需要公共点坐标的个数是()。
【真题(初级)】下列各项中,属于审计组织审计质量控制措施的有()。
班主任的月或周工作计划是指根据学期计划和某一阶段的任务,在本月或本周开始制订的计划,这种计划要求制订出具体的内容、时间、地点、方式、措施和执行人员等。()
优势富集效应:是指起点上的微小优势经过关键过程的级数放大,产生更大级别的优势积累。根据上述表述,下列不属于优势富集效应的是:
台湾问题是()。
信息资源的开发主要包括()的开发。
最新回复
(
0
)