2. 外语
  3. 1 While single women had a long history of working outside the home, married women in the United States did not work outside the

1 While single women had a long history of working outside the home, married women in the United States did not work outside the

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问题 1 While single women had a long history of working outside the home, married women in the United States did not work outside the home in great numbers until the twentieth century. Between 1900 and 1930 there was a steady rise in the employment of married women. Then, during the Great Depression of the 1930s, many women sought work as their husbands were laid off or forced to take wage cuts. However, women faced barriers to employment. Federal laws discouraged the hiring of married women and required that they be the first to be laid off. Twenty-six states passed laws prohibiting the employment of married women altogether. Despite such discrimination, the proportion of married women who worked for pay increased to more than 15 percent. Instead of taking men’s jobs in industry, as opponents feared, women worked primarily as domestics, typists, and clerks.
2 Many women chose not to enter the labor force because of gender stereotypes in pay and promotion. The long-standing difference in male and female earnings increased from 20 percent in 1900 to 55 percent in 1940. This was mostly due to business policies that tried to bind male employees to the company through pay raises and promotions but excluded women from advancement, however productive they may have been. Consequently, few women earned enough to give them any options other than marriage. Moreover, most women who did have jobs still depended on men for "extras" such as leisure and entertainment.
The phrase due to in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
选项 A、equal to
B、in spite of
C、caused by
D、different from
答案C
解析 Due to means caused by in this context. Clues:... difference in male and female earnings... ; ... business policies that tried to bind male employees to the company through pay raises and promotions but excluded women from advancement.... The difference in male and female earnings was caused by policies that favored men but excluded women.
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