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  3. The U. S. Supreme Court has forbidden prayers in public schools, but many Americans cling to the idea that their educational sys

The U. S. Supreme Court has forbidden prayers in public schools, but many Americans cling to the idea that their educational sys

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问题     The U. S. Supreme Court has forbidden prayers in public schools, but many Americans cling to the idea that their educational system has a moral purpose. It is an idea common to both the Greeks and the medieval Church. In today’s world, the moral purpose of education takes non-religious forms: racial integration, sex education, good citizenship. At the college level, the ambiguities become more complex. Should a morally objectionable person be allowed to teach? Should a morally objectionable doctrine be permitted?
    Many people are understandably dismayed by such inspection. But would they prefer moral neutrality? Should engineers be trained to build highways without being taught any concern for the homes they displace? Should prospective corporate managers learn how to increase profits regardless of pollution or unemployment? Just the opposite, according to Beyond the Ivory Tower, a new book by Harvard’s Bok, which calls for increased emphasis on "applied ethics. "(Writes Bok:"A university that refuses to take moral dilemmas seriously violates its basic obligations to society. ")
    Religious colleges have always practiced a similar preaching. But some 500 schools now offer courses in the field. The Government supports such studies with a program known as EVIST, which stands for Ethics and Values in Science and Technology (and which sounds as though a computer had already taken charge of the matter). " The modern university is rooted in the scientific method, having essentially turned its back on religion, " says Steven Muller, president of John Hopkins. "The scientific method is a marvelous means of inquiry, but it really doesn’t provide a value system. The biggest failing in higher education today is that we fall short in exposing students to values. "
    Charles Muscatine, a professor of English at Berkeley and member of a committee that is analyzing liberal arts curriculums for the Association of American Colleges, is even harsher. He calls today’s education programs "a marvelous convenience for low-quality society. "The key goal of education, says Muscatine, should be " informed decision making that recognizes there is a moral component to life. "Instead, he says, most universities are "spreading the dangerous myth that technical skills are more important than moral reasoning. "
In the author’s opinion, education should
选项 A、be focused on moral courses.
B、have a religious component.
C、do away with objectionable doctrines.
D、try to enhance students’ moral standards.
答案D
解析 A选项认为教育应集中在道德课程上，该说法过于绝对，作者并未流露出此观点；B选项中提到教育应包括宗教方面，与文中强调教育应包含道德教育目的以及“在当今世界，道德教育采取非宗教的形式”的观点不符；C选项认为教育应该摆脱引起反对的课本，而文中说的是对反对道德的课本进行审视，与原文不符；D选项认为教育应该努力提高学生的道德标准，该观点正是全文的中心思想，因此为正确答案。
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