首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) fingerprinting in cr
A controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) fingerprinting in cr
admin
2019-08-27
56
问题
A controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) fingerprinting in criminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1987 as a method to identify individuals based on a pattern seen in their DNA, the molecule of which genes are made. DNA is present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNA fingerprinting has been used successfully in various ways, such as to determine paternity where it is not clear who the father of a particular child is. However, it is in the area of criminal investigations that DNA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses.
DNA fingerprinting and other DNA analysis techniques have revolutionized criminal investigations by giving investigators powerful new tools in the attempt to prove guilt, not just establish innocence. When used in criminal investigations, a DNA fingerprint pattern from a suspect is compared with a DNA fingerprint pattern obtained from such material as hairs or blood found at the scene of a crime. A match between the two DNA samples can be used as evidence to convict a suspect.
The controversy in 1998 stemmed from a report published in December 1991 by population geneticists Richard C. Lewontin of Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., and Daniel L. Haiti called into question the methods to calculate how likely it is that a match between two DNA fingerprints might occur by chance alone. In particular, they argued that the current method cannot properly determine the likelihood that two DNA samples will match because they came from the same individual rather than simply from two different individuals who are members of the same ethnic group. Lewontin and Hartl called for better surveys of DNA patterns methods are adequate.
In response to their criticisms, population geneticists Ranajit Chakraborty of the University of Texas in Dallas and Kenneth K. Kidd of Yale University in New Haven, Conn., argued that enough data are already available to show that the methods currently being used are adequate. In January 1998, however, the Federal Bureau of Investigation and laboratories that conduct DNA tests announced that they would collect additional DNA samples from various ethnic groups in an attempt to resolve some of these questions. And, in April, a National Academy of Sciences called for strict standards and system of accreditation for DNA testing laboratories.
The attitude of the Federal Bureau of Investigation shows that______.
选项
A、enough data are yet to be collected from various ethnic groups to confirm the unlikelihood of two DNA samples coming from two individual members
B、enough data of DNA samples should be collected to confirm that only DNA samples from the same person can match
C、enough data are yet to be collected from various ethnic groups to determine the likelihood of two different DNA samples coming from the same person
D、additional samples from various ethnic groups should be collected to determine that two DNA samples are unlikely to come from the same person
答案
B
解析
本题考查事实细节。文中最后一句“the federal Bureau of Investigation and laboratories that conduct DNA tests announced that they would collect additional DNA samples from various ethnic groups联邦调查局和进行DNA测试的实验室会更多地收集各族群的DNA样本”,因此B选项符合题意。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/hKUO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Ishallmentiontwoorthreemattersinwhichtheneedforcooperationbetweenphilosophyandscienceisespeciallyintimate.【T
Seekingacompetitiveadvantage,someprofessionalservicefirms(forexample,firmsprovidingadvertisingaccounting,orhealth
【T1】Nearlyeverysocietyinhumanhistoryhasconsidereditsownlanguagefiner,itsownfoodtastier,itsownmannersmorerefi
Forsometimepastithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatbabies—andothercreatures—learntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadto
Forsometimepastithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatbabies—andothercreatures—learntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadto
Duringrecentyearswehaveheardmuchabout"race":howthisracedoescertainthingsandthatracebelievescertainthingsand
TheBritisharenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings,______isoftenthecaseinothercountri
Acontroversyeruptedinthescientificcommunityinearly1998overtheuseofDNA(deoxyribonucleicacid)fingerprintingincrim
Thereisprobablynolimittowhatsciencecandointhewayofincreasingpositiveexcellence.【T1】Healthhasalreadybeengrea
Dependingonyourageandmemory,itwasaweekofradicallyneworreassuringlyolddevelopmentsintheadvertisingindustry.T
随机试题
数控机床的主轴伺服系统有哪些常见故障及其引发原因?
克里奥耳语
与呋塞米合用能增强耳毒性的药物是
盐酸西替利嗪的结构类型属于
(2011年)角系数Xi,j表示表面辐射的辐射能中直接落到另外一个表面上的百分数,下列不适用的是()。
在台风来袭前,我们会采取必要的措施减少损失的发生,这属于风险发生前的风险管理目标,其中包括()。
A公司年销售额为90000万元,变动成本率为60%,全部固定成本和费用为1800万元,长期债务账面价值为2000万元,利息费用40万元,普通股股数为2000万股,长期债务的税后资本成本为4%,股权资本成本为15%,所得税税率为25%。该公司认为目前的资本结
愿望投射:是指把自己的主观愿望投射于他人,认为他人也如自己所期望的那样,把希望当成了现实。结果往往对他人的情感、意向做出错误评价,歪曲了他人,造成交往障碍。根据上述定义,下列属于愿望投射的是()。
有三个关系R、S和T如下:由关系R和S通过运算得到关系T,则所使用的运算为( )。
"Properwordsinproperplaces,makesthetruedefinitionsofastyle"isafamousremarkmadeby______
最新回复
(
0
)