首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Answer questions by referring to the brief introduction to 4 different American Indian tribes. Note: When more than one answ
Answer questions by referring to the brief introduction to 4 different American Indian tribes. Note: When more than one answ
admin
2009-06-24
73
问题
Answer questions by referring to the brief introduction to 4 different American Indian tribes.
Note: When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order. Some choices may be required more than once.
A = Apache B = Blackfoot C = Creek D = Delaware
Which tribe...
A
Apache: Native North Americans of the Southwest composed of six culturally related groups. They speak a language that has various dialects.
Historically the Apache are known principally for their fierce fighting qualities. They successfully resisted the advance of Spanish colonization, but the acquisition of horses and new weapons, taken from the Spanish, led to increased intertribal warfare. Relations between the Apache and the white settlers gradually worsened with the passing of Spanish rule in Mexico. By the mid-19th century, when the United States acquired the region from Mexico, Apache lands were in the path of the American westward movement. The futile but strong resistance that lasted until the beginning of the 20th century brought national fame to several of the Apache leaders.
Today the Apache, numbering some 50,000 in 1990, live mainly on reservations totaling over 3 million acres in Arizona and New Mexico and retain many tribal customs. Cattle, timber, tourism, and the development of mineral resources provide income. In 1982 the Apaches won a major Supreme Court test of their right to tax resources extracted from their lands. In 1995, the Mescalero Apache agreed to build a nuclear-waste storage site on their New Mexico reservation. The project is expected to produce about $250 million in income over the 40-year life of the site.
B
Blackfoot: They occupied in the early 19th century a large range of territory around the Upper Missouri (above the Yellowstone) and North Saskatchewan rivers west to the Rockies. Their name derives from the fact that they dyed their moccasins black. There were three main tribes. Although they did not form a unified political entity, they were united in defending their lands and in warfare. The Blackfoot were unremittingly hostile toward neighboring tribes and usually toward white men; intrusions upon Blackfoot lands were efficiently repelled. Prior to the mid-18th century they had moved into the north Great Plains area, acquired horses from southern tribes, and developed a nomadic Plains culture, largely dependent on the buffalo. Their only cultivated crop was tobacco, grown for ceremonial purposes. With the early coming of the white man, the Blackfoot gained wealth from the sale of beaver pelts, but the killing off of the buffalo and the near exhaustion of fur stocks brought them to near starvation. Presently the Blackfoot are mainly ranchers and farmers living on reservations in Montana and Alberta. They continue to a small degree the rich ceremonialism that earlier marked their religion; important rituals include the sun dance and the vision quest. In 1990 there were 38,000 Blackfoot in the United States and over 11,000 in Canada.
C
Creek: The Creek formed the Native North American confederacy. They received their name from early white traders because so many of their villages were located at rivers and creeks. They lived primarily in Alabama and Georgia and were settled, agricultural people. There were more than 50 towns, generally called tribes, in the confederacy, which was formed chiefly for protection against the tribes to the north. Certain villages were set aside for war ceremonies, others for peace celebrations. Each had its annual green corn dance. This festival was a time for renewing social ties and was a period of amnesty for criminals, except murderers. The Creek Confederacy was not ruled by a permanent central government. The structure was a combination of democratic and communal principles. Decisions by the national council were not binding on towns or individuals who wished to dissent. Nevertheless, civil strife was almost unknown among them. Private ownership of land was unknown, but crops were privately owned to a degree. Each owner was required to contribute a certain portion for public use.
The Creek impressed the first European explorers (Hernando De Soto saw them in 1540) by their height, their proud bearing, and their love of ornament. In 1990 there were over 45,000 Creek, most of them living in Oklahoma.
D
Delaware: In the 17th century, they lived in what are now New Jersey, Delaware, east Pennsylvania, and southeast New York. They called themselves the Lenni-Lenape or the Lenape and were given the name Delaware by the settlers because they lived in the vicinity of the Delaware River. The Delaware evolved into a loose confederacy of three major divisions. They occupied the territory from which most of the Algonquian tribes had originated and were accorded the respectful title of grandfather by these tribes. They traded with the Dutch early in the 17th century, sold much of their land, and began moving inland to the Susquehanna valley. In 1682 they made a treaty of friendship with William Penn, which he did his best to honor.
Some of the Delaware in Pennsylvania had been converted to Christianity by the Moravians. In 1782 a peaceful settlement of Christian Delaware at Gnadenhutten was massacred by a force of white men. By the Treaty of Greenville (1795) they and their allies ceded their lands in Pennsylvania and Ohio. They were later moved to the Indian Territory and settled with the Cherokee. In 1990 there were nearly 10,000 Delaware in the United States, most of them in Oklahoma and Wisconsin. Around 600 Delaware live in Ontario, Canada.
选项
A、
B、
C、
D、
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/hYTd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
HowTwoGreatConflictsHelpedtoChangeEuropeNinetyyearsagoonasunnymorninginNorthernFrance,somethinghappenedt
HowTwoGreatConflictsHelpedtoChangeEuropeNinetyyearsagoonasunnymorninginNorthernFrance,somethinghappenedt
Ifyougotoanumberofdifferentshops,you’llfindgreatvariationofpriceforthesamearticles.
GDP&GNPGovernmentsallovertheworldmakepublicreportsabouttheconditionoftheireconomies.Mostcountries,includingth
GDP&GNPGovernmentsallovertheworldmakepublicreportsabouttheconditionoftheireconomies.Mostcountries,includingth
Ican’tmakeitbecauseofapreviousengagement.
HowtoDoWellinExamsDonotunderestimatethepowerofrevisioninthedaysandhoursbeforeanexamination.Thecloseryoua
SaveEnergyatHomeOntheaverage,Americanswasteasmuchenergyastwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationconsumes.That’s(1)
A.AtmosphericScientistsB.TheCalculationsMadeattheBerlinWorkshopC.ThePreviousCalculationsoftheEffectofAerosols
随机试题
党的十九大报告指出,树立________是核心战斗力的思想,推进重大技术创新、自主创新,加强军事人才培养体系建设,建设创新型人民军队。()
社会主义法治最根本的保证是【】
磁盘碎片整理程序的功能包括()
蛋白质生物合成的起始密码子通常是
A、心肾不交B、心脾气血虚证C、肝火犯肺证D、肝胃不和证E、肝郁脾虚证胁肋胀满疼痛,走窜不定,嗳气,吞酸嘈杂,呃逆者,可辨证为
监理工程师处理委托事务取得的财产,应当划归()所有。
排入小湖(库)的所有点源排放口可以简化为(),其排放量为所有排放量之和。
明末思想家李贽提出“人人皆可以为圣”“圣人不曾高,众人不曾低”。他的这些观点实质是()。
经由一部手机,即可判断出用户的性别、年龄、偏好、是本地居民还是外来游客、特定区域内的实时人数及分布等,上述一系列对游客的“画像”,都是旅游大数据的功劳;每逢特定节假日,实时游客量、一天游客量、假日期间总游客量、消费总量等都会迅速通过媒体传递给大众,这同样得
用Excel按下列要求建立数据表格和图表,具体要求如下:(1)新建一个工作簿文件EX05.XLS,将下列某种放射性元素衰变的测试结果数据建成一个数据表(存放在“A1:D6”区域内),求出实测数值与预测数值之间的误差。将数据表保存在Sheet1工作表中。
最新回复
(
0
)