首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Why So Many Children? In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for
Why So Many Children? In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for
admin
2013-08-24
49
问题
Why So Many Children?
In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Women in these countries have a high birth rate—from 3. 0 to 7. 0 children per woman. The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care for their families. Why do they have so many children? Why don’t they limit the size of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World War II, Italy’s economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, the world’s lowest.
However, the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. Saudi Arabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world. Nevertheless, it also has a very high birth rate(7. 0). Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand, are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly, other factors are involved. The most important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women. This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries. Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down. This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia, Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any real chance of success.
When countries become industrialized,
选项
A、the birth rate generally goes down.
B、families often become larger.
C、women usually decide not have a family.
D、the population generally grows rapidly.
答案
A
解析
题意:当国家实现工业化的时候,出生率通常会下降。短文第二段中间部分提到“在工业化的经济体制中情况则不同。孩子多并不能给家里帮忙,相反却意味着开销。因此,工业化一般会使出生率下降”,故选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/hgUd777K
本试题收录于:
职称英语综合类A级题库职称英语分类
0
职称英语综合类A级
职称英语
相关试题推荐
ScienceandTruth"FINAGLE"(欺骗)isnotawordthatmostpeopleassociatewithscience.Onereasonisthattheimageofthes
TheGeneIndustryMajorcompaniesarealreadyinpursuitofcommercialapplicationsofthenewbiology.Theydreamofplacin
OlderVolcanicEruptionsVolcanoesweremoredestructiveinancienthistory,notbecausetheywerebigger,butbecausetheca
Thechildrentrembledwithfearwhentheysawthepoliceman.
Forfinancialreasons,scientistsareoftencompelledtoforsaketheirresearch.
FinancialRisksSeveraltypesoffinancialriskareencounteredininternationalmarketing;themajorproblemsincludecomm
Didsheaccepthisresearchproposal?
Thepolicemanwentintoactionassoonastheyheardthealarm.
Therulesaretoorigidtoallowforhumanerror.
TheWorker’sRoleinManagementTraditionally,ithasbeentheworkers’roletoworkandmanagement’sroletomanage.Mana
随机试题
在一定的汇率条件下,当一国货币供应量增长较快,出现通货膨胀时【】
开放式问题的优点是
住房公积金管理的基本原则是()。
商品基金经理.CPO的主要职责有( )。
在证券经纪业务中,证券公司不赚取差价,只收取一定比例的佣金作为业务收入。()
()认为社会工作是一种以科学的知识和技能协助个人以达到社会与个人的满足与自主的专业服务过程。
在以常规性任务为主的生产部门,()结构的领导行为与生产效率成正比,()关怀的领导行为与生产效率成反比。
激光器的参数主要有()。
Somepessimisticexpertsfeelthattheautomobileisboundtofallintodisuse.Theyseeadayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhe
运算结果不是2010的表达式是()。
最新回复
(
0
)