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  3. Much attention is presently being given to what is termed "functional illiteracy". This should not be confused with the problem

Much attention is presently being given to what is termed "functional illiteracy". This should not be confused with the problem

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问题     Much attention is presently being given to what is termed "functional illiteracy". This should not be confused with the problem of illiteracy, that is, the inability to read and write. Current United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)figures indicate that 99 percent of all Americans are literate, the same figure assigned to nations such as Britain, Germany. Functional illiteracy, by contrast, is concerned with how much difficulty people have in actually using and writing skills in everyday situations. This might be interpreted, for example, as the relative ability to understand federal income tax forms, or printed instructions, or how well someone can write a letter of complaint, or apply in writing for a job.
    There are no agreed-upon(达成一致的)definitions of what functional illiteracy is and, in practice, definitions vary widely. For many years, reading tests have been used throughout the country which define reading ability by grade level. "Tenth-grade reading level" for instance, would be the average reading score of all pupils who have completed ten years of school. There are, of course, many different reading tests and types of tests. One definition of functional illiteracy holds that anyone is "illiterate" who reads at less than an eighth-grade level. Another common definition uses a twelfth-grade level(the last year of high school in the U. S.).
    There seems to be general agreement that at least one-tenth of all Americans are functionally illiterate in English to some degree. It is also hardly surprising that those nations which(like the U. S.)have paid most attention to this concept, and which have nation-wide testing, have found the greatest problems. As one educator humorously put it, "Reading tests cause illiteracy". Canada, for example, which also has a large non-English-speaking immigrant population, has recently found that many of her citizens, too, are functionally illiterate. The attention given to this problem, therefore, reflects the fact that in North America schools as well as pupils are continually tested.
It can be learned from the passage that______.
选项 A、Canada and the U. S. have functionally illiterate population because they hardly paid any attention to the problem
B、functional illiteracy may have been caused at least in part by unsuccessful design of reading tests
C、non-English-speaking immigrant population constitute the majority of all the functionally illiterate
D、it is impractical to determine what functional illiteracy really is as different situations set different requirements
答案D
解析 推理判断题。第二段称，功能性文盲有不同的定义，并举例说明有用十级水平来衡量的，也有用十二级水平衡量的，故D正确。后面也提到一些国家，如美国对功能性文盲给予最大的关注，而且文章最后一句话也说到北美国家对这个问题的重视，A项错误；其他两项也明显错误。
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