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Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or
admin
2013-11-10
83
问题
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 【C1】______ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 【C2】______ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 【C3】______ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 【C4】______ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, 【C5】______ as a rejection of middle-class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 【C6】______ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 【C7】______ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 【C8】______ to criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectly 【C9】______ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 【C10】______ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 【C11】______ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 【C12】______ lead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also 【C13】______ changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents 【C14】______ , children are likely to have less supervision at home 【C15】______ was common in the traditional family 【C16】______ .This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 【C17】______ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 【C18】______ of drags and alcohol, and the growing 【C19】______ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 【C20】______ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.
【C9】
选项
A、affect
B、reduce
C、check
D、reflect
答案
A
解析
抓住主语changes和宾语crime rates,从语义逻辑来判断,选A项affect(影响)无疑。若用D项 reflect,语义上应当是crime rates “反映”changes,故不妥。
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0
专业英语四级
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