2. 外语
  3. 1 . The average normal infant born in the United States weighs between twelve and fourteen pounds at the age of three months. Th

1 . The average normal infant born in the United States weighs between twelve and fourteen pounds at the age of three months. Th

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问题 1 . The average normal infant born in the United States weighs between twelve and fourteen pounds at the age of three months. Therefore, if a three-month-old child weighs only ten pounds, its weight gain has been below the United States average. Which of the following indicates a flaw in the reasoning above?
选项 A、Weight is only one measure of normal infant development.
B、Some three-month-old children weigh as much as seventeen pounds.
C、It is possible for a normal child to weigh ten pounds at birth.
D、The phrase "below average does not necessarily mean insufficient.
E、Average weight gain is not the same as average weight.
答案E
解析 该结论基于的论据仅考虑了平均体重，但该结论考虑的是平均体重增长。因为在一个绝对的量度一如体重一和一个增加率一如体重增长这两者之间没有必然的联系，该论述是有缺陷的。有关的推理错误如(E)所述，该项是正确答案；(A)和(D)都没有指出短文中的推理错误。因为短文既没有宣称体重是总的婴儿成长的惟一相关指标[选项(A)]，也没有提到是否足够[选项(D)]；(B)和(C)同短文中的论述并不矛盾，但没有指出论述中的缺陷，故不能为答案。
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