2. 外语
  3. The excessive number of safety regulations that the federal government has placed on industry poses more serious hardships for b

The excessive number of safety regulations that the federal government has placed on industry poses more serious hardships for b

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问题 The excessive number of safety regulations that the federal government has placed on industry poses more serious hardships for big businesses than for small ones. Since large companies do everything on a more massive scale, they must alter more complex operations and spend much more money to meet governmental requirements. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument above?
选项 A、Small companies are less likely than large companies to have the capital reserves for improvements.
B、The operations of small companies frequently rely on the same technologies as the operations of large companies.
C、Safety regulation codes are uniform, established without reference to size of company.
D、Large companies typically have more of their profits invested in other businesses than do small companies.
E、Large companies are in general more likely than small companies to diversify their markets and products.
答案A
解析 本题推理可提炼为：“规则对大企业更加不利，因为大企业大、复杂、花钱多”，当段落把原因放在后半部分，大多是强调原因，因此这类题的反对应着重反对原因。通过对比推理，我们可以把上述推理表示为：“规则对小企业更有利，因为小企业花钱少”。若小企业根本不可能有用以改进的储备资金，如(A)所说，那么小企业若必须符合政府安全管制规则，小企业就必定破产，而大企业虽然花钱多，但它毕竟还能够有钱来改进而继续生存，所以(A)直接驳了原因，因此(A)正确；(B)中的“the same technologies”起到了支持作用，并且，“technology”与“operation”不能等价；(C)只能表明规则对大企业与小企业来讲都是公正的，但与上面段落推理的结论“serious hardships”无关；(D)、(E)明显都是做的无关比较，且与“serious hardships”无直接关系，所以(D)、(E)都不正确。
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