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  3. Utopia is a perfect place. It is a place without war, hunger, poverty, or crime. It is a place where the people work together an

Utopia is a perfect place. It is a place without war, hunger, poverty, or crime. It is a place where the people work together an

admin2016-04-01  31
问题     Utopia is a perfect place. It is a place without war, hunger, poverty, or crime. It is a place where the people work together and share. There is no money in Utopia because the people do not need money. They do not have personal possessions because everything belongs to everyone. All of the people are equal in Utopia, and the laws are all fair.
    Utopia is not a new place. Plato, the ancient Greek philosopher, described a perfect society in his famous dialogue The Republic. In Plato’s Republic, philosophers were the kings, and every person had a place in the society. In 1516, Sir Thomas More wrote about an island in the Pacific Ocean where everything was perfect. He named the island "Utopia." In 1872, Samuel Butler wrote a novel about a perfect country which he named "Erehwon": "Utopia" is a Greek word that means "not a place" and "Erehwon" is the English word "nowhere" spelled backwards.
    Many people came to the New World to find Utopia. The Shakers, a religious group, wanted to live like the first Christians. The Shakers started their first community in New York in 1776. George Rapp, a German farmer, came to the United States in 1804 to start a Utopian community. In 1815, Rapp and his followers bought land for their community in Harmony, Indiana, and they made the things they needed with machines. In 1824, they sold the community to Robert Owen, who started the Utopian community of New Harmony there. In New Harmony, everything belonged to everyone and men and women were equal, but New Harmony lasted only two years. Then Francis Wright began Nashoba, a community where white people and black people could live and work together, near Memphis, Tennessee. Nashoba lasted from 1825 to 1830. A group of intellectuals founded Brook Farm, a Utopian farming community, in 1841. However, they did not have many farming skills, so the farm closed in 1847. Four years later, Josiah Warren set up Modern Times, an anarchist community near New York City. It closed in 1857.
    Utopia is a perfect place, but it is not a real place. Most "real" Utopias last only a short time. This is because everyone wants to live in Utopia, but no one knows how to make it work. As a result, when we say something is "Utopian" today, we mean that it is a good idea, but it is not realistic.
Which of the following may be the most appropriate definition of "an anarchist community"?
选项 A、A community whose members believe in some kind of religion.
B、A community where people live under much self-control.
C、A community where its members are supposed to be equal.
D、A community which is economically poor but spiritually rich.
答案C
解析 第3段提到的所有community都是乌托邦式的社区，由此可见，anarchist community也应该是乌托邦式的。按照对乌托邦的定义来看，只有C中的equal表达了乌托邦的特点。
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