首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Marketing is the process by which goods are sold and purchased. That process may be a simple act of exchange or an intricate, se
Marketing is the process by which goods are sold and purchased. That process may be a simple act of exchange or an intricate, se
admin
2010-04-30
44
问题
Marketing is the process by which goods are sold and purchased. That process may be a simple act of exchange or an intricate, sensitive mechanism, whereby goods and the title to them are moved from farmers, manufacturers, miners, and others who produce them to consumers. Simple marketing activities began with the development of a nonsubsistence economy and interregional trade, including caravan (商队) and maritime (沿海的) commerce. Village fairs, town markets, and peddlers were all involved in primitive marketing activities. Later, general stores, traveling salespeople, and, still later, the 20th-century chain stores became the chief marketing agencies. Modem marketing has evolved into a complex and diverse field. This field includes a wide variety of special functions such as advertising, mail-order business, public relations, retailing and merchandising, sales, transportation, wholesaling, marketing research and pricing of goods.
The aim of marketing is to acquire, retain, and satisfy customers. Marketers begin by identifying the market for their product. Then they tailor their efforts to satisfy the needs and wants of customers within that market. A customer may be an industrial organization such as a food processor, a wholesale or retail outlet, a transportation or warehousing company, or an individual consumer. Those firms, which understand the needs of their customers and seek to satisfy them, tend to be more successful than those which do not:
Marketing costs average more than 50 percent of the total costs of consumer goods. These costs represent the value added to the product after it leaves the producer and before it reaches the final consumer--determining the shape, colors, and materials of a product while it is being designed; making the product available in conveniently located stores; guaranteeing its performance; and providing service warranties and easy credit terms.
Marketing techniques are also used by politicians, who carefully market themselves and their programs, by city and state governments to sell bond issues, and by hospitals and universities for fund-raising purposes.
Modem domestic marketing in the United States has been greatly affected by a consumer movement that calls for better and safer products, more efficient services, and truthful advertising. Extensive government regulation in almost all fields—from advertising to transportation—has also necessarily claimed the attention of marketers.
With the growth of multinational corporations, marketing has greatly expanded its scope; many marketing managers take the whole world as their marketplace. Thus Eastman Kodak marketed its new Instamatic camera simultaneously in 28 countries in 1963—the first time simultaneously worldwide marketing was achieved—and prepared advertising and publicity in more than 20 languages. Managers of such global activities must take into account international differences in climate, customs, and business practices.
According to the author, what does the marketing process by which goods are sold and purchased probably refer to?
选项
答案
A simple act of exchange (or an intricate, sensitive mechanism).
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/hyOK777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、Theythinkwritershavewealthandfame.B、Theylikewriting.C、Theywanttoenjoyloneness.D、Theyfollowsomeexamples.AWhy
A、Consumerswereresponsive.B、Consumerswerehostile.C、Consumersturnedcautiousofit.D、Consumersdidn’tcareallthetime.
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertocomfortalaid-offacquaintance.Youshouldwriteatleast150wo
A、Itwassixdayslong.B、Itdidn’tincludeSaturdayafternoon.C、Italwaysincludedatleastoneholiday.D、Itdidn’t’allowth
A、Handinginapaper,B、Puttingoffanassignment.C、Ajobinterview.D、Writinganessay.AWhatarethespeakersmainlytalking
FromDr.R.S.ScorerofBritain’sImperialCollegeofSciencecomesthelatesttheoryaboutthecauseoflightningflashes.Dr.
A、Cathyisnotsobrilliant.B、Cathythinkshermotherisverykind.C、ShewenttoFrancewiththeschoolchoirlastyear.D、The
A、Itreflectscommercialinterests.B、Itisafashionableprofessionalevent.C、Itisanessentialaffairforinternationalcine
A、Heisalwayspunctualforhisclass.B、Herarelynoticeswhichstudentsarelate.C、Hewantshisstudentstobeontimeforcl
In2004,ProfessorBaughmaninventedasuper-strong,super-lightmagicmaterialandhenamedit"mithril"—afterthepreciousa
随机试题
犯挪用公款罪可处()。
A.脾、肾静脉分流术B.门腔静脉分流术C.脾切除术D.贲门周围血管离断术E.腹腔一静脉转流术阻断门一奇静脉间交通支反常血流的手术
大叶性肺炎的红色肝变期的病理特点是
数形结合思想是一种重要的数学思想,它的实质就是根据数与形之间的对应关系,通过数与形的相互转化来解决问题.用数形结合思想解题能简化推理和运算,具有直观、快捷的优点.请简要谈谈数形结合思想在解哪些类型的问题时可以发挥作用,使问题得到更好的解决.
商品或服务的经营者对工商行政管理机关的处罚决定不服的,可以自收到处罚决定之日起多少天内向上一级机关申请复议?()
图中所显示的该国外贸状况有几年是出口额超过进口额5亿美元以上的?()
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性:
眶下孔的体表投影为()。
Researchershavefoundthatmigratinganimalsuseavarietyofinnercompassestohelpthemnavigate.Some(1)_____bytheposit
Theyoungerperson’sattractiontostereoscannotbeexplainedonly______familiaritywithtechnology.
最新回复
(
0
)