首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A problem more specific to schools themselves is pervasive student passivity—a lack of active participation in learning. This pr
A problem more specific to schools themselves is pervasive student passivity—a lack of active participation in learning. This pr
admin
2013-06-02
34
问题
A problem more specific to schools themselves is pervasive student passivity—a lack of active participation in learning. This problem is commonly found in both public and private schools and all grade levels.
Many students do not perceive the opportunities provided by schooling as a privilege, but rather as a series of hurdles that are mechanically cleared in pursuit of credentials (文凭) that may open doors later in life. Students are bored and much of the pervasive passivity of American students is caused by the educational system.
During this century, expanding state and federal governments favored large regional schools as more efficient means of supervising educational curricula and ensuring uniformity. Schools today, therefore, reflect the high level of bureaucratic organization found throughout American society. Such rigid and impersonal organization can negatively affect administrators, teachers, and students, and this bureaucratic educational system fosters five serious problems.
First, bureaucratic uniformity ignores the cultural variation within count less local communities. It takes schools out of the local community and places them under the control of outside "specialists" who may have little under standing of the everyday lives of students.
Second, bureaucratic schools define success by numerical ratings of performance. School officials focus on attendance rates, dropout rates, and achievement scores. They overlook dimensions of schooling that are difficult to quantify, such as the creativity of students and energy and enthusiasm of teachers. Such bureaucratic school systems tend to define an adequate education in terms of the number of days per year that students are inside a school building rather than the school’s contribution to students’ personal development.
Third, bureaucratic schools have rigid expectations of all students. For example, fifteen-year-olds are expected to be in the tenth grade, eleven-grade students are expected to score at a certain level on a standardized verbal achievement test. The high school diploma thus rewards a student for going through the proper sequence of educational activities in the proper amount of time. Rarely are exceptionally bright and motivated students allowed to graduate early. Likewise, the system demands that students who have learned little in school graduate with their class.
Fourth, the school’s bureaucratic division of labor requires specialized personnel. High-school students learn English from one teacher, receive guidance from another, and are coached in sports by others. No school official comes to know the "full" student as a complex human being. Students experience this division of labor as a continual shuffling among rigidly divided fifty-minute period throughout the school day.
Fifth, the highly bureaucratic school system gives students little responsibility for their own learning. Similarly, teachers have little latitude in what and how they teach their classes; they dare not accelerate learning for fear of disrupting "the system." Standardized policies dictating what is to be taught and how long the teaching should be taken render teachers as passive and un- imaginative as their students.
The expression "numerical ratings" in Paragraph 4 can best be interpreted as ______.
选项
A、scores and grades
B、formal records
C、assessments expressed by numbers
D、official statistics
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/iYB7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
OnehundredandthirteenmillionAmericanshaveatleastonebank(36)______creditcard.Theygivetheirowners(37)______cred
Ahappymarriageapparentlyisgoodmedicine,buthostilespousesmaybeharmfultooneanother’shealth.Couplesin【B1】_____m
A、Tooslowforadifficultbookthoughjustrightforanon-seriousone.B、Tooslowforanon-seriousbookbuttoofastforadi
A、Cowardly.B、Anxious.C、Lazy.D、Courageous.D综合推断题。女士说她会先听听这个声音会不会再次出现,如果会,就起床看看究竟是什么,由此推断,女士很勇敢。选项中cowardly意为“胆怯的”,anxious意为“担
A、Setupyourownwebsite.B、Consultthebank’srepresentatives.C、Trybymakingtransfers.D、Checkyourstatements.B
A、Toindicatehowdependentthechildis.B、Toshowworktimecreepsintofamilylife.C、Toshowthemicrowaveisofpoorqualit
A、In1832.B、In1833.C、In1812.D、In1823.D选项表明,本题考查时间,听音时应留意与时间有关的信息,做好笔记。由男士提到TheErieCanal,whichwascompletedin1823可知,
Aschoolisbeingaskedtoapologizetothefamilyofaboyitprosecutedfortruancy.Theboywas【C1】______ashaving"schoolp
EnglishandAmericanjudgesobjecttoprisonterms.Creativejusticeiswelcomedbythepublic.
Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?Accordingtothepassage,theconstituencieschoosetheMPswho______.
随机试题
在踝上方、胫骨后面,胫神经被切断的病人可能出现的症状是()
关于乙醇中毒以下说法错误的是
男,40岁。因反复机会性感染入院,检查发现患者伴发卡波西肉瘤,诊断应首先考虑()
(2016年)下列各项关于风险评估的表述中,正确的有()。
有的人即便长时间处于高强度的压力下,也不会感到疲劳,而有的人哪怕干一点活也会觉得累,这除了体质或者习惯不同之外,还可能与基因不同有关,英国格拉斯哥大学的研究小组通过对50名慢性疲劳综合征患者基因组的观察,发现这些患者的某些基因与同年龄、同性别健康人的基因是
中国共产党成立以来,我们党团结带领人民在中国这片古老的土地上,书写了人类发展史上惊天地、泣鬼神的壮丽史诗,集中体现为完成和推进了哪三件大事?()
Drinkingwastewater?Theideamaysounddistasteful,butnewfederallyfundedresearchsaysmoreAmericansaredoingso—whether
微电影的传播特征有哪些?
Acommonresultofbeingfrustratedisanactofaggression,sometimesviolent.Tobealiveistohaveagoalandpursueit—anyt
Innovation,theeffectiverecipeofprogress,hasalwayscostpeopletheirjobs.Overthepast30yearsthedigitalrevolutionh
最新回复
(
0
)