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  3. Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or

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问题     Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 【C1】______ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior because they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through  【C2】______  with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 【C3】______  to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status or as a rejection of middle - class values.
    Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families,    【C4】______the fact that children  from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes for lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are    【C5】______  to criticism.
    Changes in the social structure may indirectly 【C6】______ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in  【C7】______  lead more youths into criminal behavior.
    Families have also experienced changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; 【C8】______ , children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional family structure. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 【C9】______  causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 【C10】______  of drugs and alcohol, and the growing incidence of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to icrease the probability of a child committing a criminal act, although a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.
  A. commenting           B. identifiable           C. turn                   D. allocation
  E. affect               F. availability           G. simultaneously         H. response
  I. centering            J. ignoring               K. interactions           L. although
  M. subject              N. resistant              O. consequently
【C5】
选项
答案M
解析 此处为固定短语，be subject to受……支配；受到……影响。这里整句意思为：所有的这些理论都很不明确，容易受批评。
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