Ants first captured the attention of software engineers in the early 1990s. A single ant cannot do much on its own, but a group

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问题     Ants first captured the attention of software engineers in the early 1990s. A single ant cannot do much on its own, but a group of ants【C1】______can solve complex problems. That inspired people like Marco Dorigo, who is one of the founders of a【C2】______known as group intelligence.
    Ants are good at choosing the shortest possible route between a food【C3】______and their nest. This reminds us of a classic computational travelling-salesman problem. Given a list of cities and their【C4】______apart, the salesman must find the shortest route needed to visit each city once. As the number of cities【C5】______, the problem gets more complicated.
    Ants solve their own problem using chemical signals called pheromones (信息素), when an ant finds food, she takes it back to the nest, 【C6】______a pheromone trail that will attract others. The more ants that【C7】______the trail, the stronger it becomes. 【C8】______, the pheromones evaporate (挥发) quickly, so once all the food has been collected, the trail soon goes cold. This rapid evaporation means long trails are less【C9】______than short ones, all else being equal. Pheromones thus turn the【C10】______intelligence of the individual ants into something more powerful.
【C1】

选项 A、by the way
B、as a whole
C、for some time
D、on the average

答案B

解析 本题测试词组。by the way“顺便一提”;as a whole“作为一个整体”;for some time“一些时间”;on the average“平均”。故答案为B,表示整体。
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