首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
(1)Although numbers of animals in a given region may fluctuate from year to year, the fluctuations are often temporary and, over
(1)Although numbers of animals in a given region may fluctuate from year to year, the fluctuations are often temporary and, over
admin
2021-08-31
61
问题
(1)Although numbers of animals in a given region may fluctuate from year to year, the fluctuations are often temporary and, over long periods, trivial. Scientists have advanced three theories of population control to account for this relative constancy.
(2)The first theory attributes a relatively constant population to periodic climatic catastrophes that decimate populations with such frequency as to prevent them from exceeding some particular limit. In the case of small organisms with short life cycles, climatic changes need not be catastrophic: normal seasonal changes in photoperiod (daily amount of sunlight), for example, can govern population growth. This theory—the density-independent view—asserts that climatic factors exert the same regulatory effect on population regardless of the number of individuals in a region.
(3)A second theory argues that population growth is primarily density-dependent—that is, the rate of growth of a population in a region decreases as the number of animals increases. The mechanisms that manage regulation may vary. For example, as numbers increase, the food supply would probably diminish, which would increase mortality. In addition, as Lotka and Volterra have shown, predators can find prey more easily in high-density populations. Other regulators include physiological control mechanisms: for example, Christian and Davis have demonstrated how the crowding that results from a rise in numbers may bring about hormonal changes in the pituitary (垂体) and adrenal glands (肾上腺) that in turn may regulate population by lowering sexual activity and inhibiting sexual maturation. There is evidence that these effects may persist for three generations in the absence of the original provocation. One challenge for density-dependent theorists is to develop models that would allow the precise prediction of the effects of crowding.
(4)A third theory, proposed by Wynne-Edwards and termed "epideictic", argues that organisms have evolved a "code" in the form of social or epideictic behavior displays, such as winter roosting aggregations or group vocalizing; such codes provide organisms with information on population size in a region so that
they can, if necessary, exercise reproductive restraint. However, Wynne-Edwards’ theory, linking animal social behavior and population control, has been challenged, with some justification, by several studies.
The challenge posed to the Wynne-Edwards’ theory by several studies is regarded by the author with ________.
选项
A、complete indifference
B、qualified acceptance
C、skeptical amusement
D、perplexed astonishment
答案
B
解析
观点题。原文末段末句评价with some justification相当于“有条件地接受”之义。故选B。选项A“毫不关心”,选项C“怀疑”,选项D“困惑、惊讶”均不符题意。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/istK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Itisimportanttonotethatareadingof4indicatesanearthquake______withareadingof3.
Ialwaysfeelshehasa______againstme,althoughIdon’tknowwhatwrongI’vedoneher.
(1)Therewassomethingintheelderlywoman’sbehaviorthatcaughtmyeye.Althoughslowandunsureofstep,thewomanmovedwi
AlthoughPattersonacknowledgesthedisappointingseasonhehadwiththeVikings,hehasnosecond______abouthowhewentabout
PASSAGEONEWhydidthegirlplaybasketballoverandoveragain?Whatistheauthortryingtocriticizethroughthispassage?
A.occursB.expectationsC.jumpedD.whichE.comesF.workG.exerciseH.freeI.thatJ.fearsK.circularL.discoveringM.
It’s_____thecaseintheregion;astoryalwayssoundsclearenoughatadistance,buttheneareryougettothesceneofevents
A.abstractB.awareC.briefD.comparativelyE.complexF.distinguishesG.extremelyH.formationI.int
A.abstractB.awareC.briefD.comparativelyE.complexF.distinguishesG.extremelyH.formationI.int
随机试题
We’regoingtothebookstoreinJohn’scar.Youcancomewithus______youcanmeetustherelater.
大多数药物穿过生物膜的扩散转运速度
关于刑事诉讼法定代理人与诉讼代理人的区别,下列哪些选项是正确的?()
按国债资金的来源将国债划分为()。
水泵按电机能否在水下运行分为()。
风险与收益的关系,下面说法正确的是()。
辛亥革命10周年之际,梁启超撰文写道,“辛亥革命有甚么意义呢?简单说……第一,觉得凡不是中国人都没有权来管中国人的事;第二,觉得凡是中国人都有权来管中国人的事”。这反映出他认为辛亥革命()。
发球:拦网:得分
Don’trespondtoanye-mails______personalinformation,nomatterhowofficialtheylook.
Completetheformbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.ProductIncidentReportExampleAnswer
最新回复
(
0
)