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  3. Influenza should not be dismissed as a trivial disease. It kills thousands of people every year at a very high cost to the econo

Influenza should not be dismissed as a trivial disease. It kills thousands of people every year at a very high cost to the econo

admin2010-02-21  97
问题    Influenza should not be dismissed as a trivial disease. It kills thousands of people every year at a very high cost to the economy, hits hardest the young and the elderly, and is most dangerous for people over the age of 65. Influenza is mainly a seasonal illness of the winter months, though in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia and the Pacific it can occur all the year round.
   The damaging effects of influenza can be prevented by immunization, but constant changes of antigenic specificity of the virus necessitate a different composition of the vaccine (疫苗) from one year to another. The network of WHO surveillance activities to monitor the evaluation of influenza vi- ms strains, and WHO hold an annual consultation at the end of February to recommend the composition of the vaccine for the forthcoming epidemiological season. These recommendations are published immediately in the weekly epidemiological record.
   Vaccination each year against influenza is recommended for certain high-risk populations. In closed or semi-closed settings, maximum-benefit from immunization is likely to be achieved when more than three-quarters of the population are vaccinated so that the benefit of "herd immunity" can be exploited. Special care should be taken of the following groups:
   --adults and children with chronic disorders of the pulmonary or cardiovascular systems requiting regular medical follow-up or who had been hospitalized during the previous year, including children with asthma;
   --residents of nursing homes and other establishments for patients of any age with chronic medical conditions;
   --all people over the age of 65.
   Physicians, nurses, and other personal in primary and intensive care units, who are potentially capable of transmitting influenza to high risk persons, should be immunized; visiting nurses and volunteer workers providing home care to high-risk persons should also be included.
Which has been done by World Health Organization in combating the bad effects of influenza?
选项 A、Supervising the assessment of influenza virus strains.
B、Holding meetings twice a year to provide the latest data concerning the composition of the vaccines.
C、Publishing the related information in a WHO almanac.
D、Stressing the importance of preventing influenza for people living in tropical areas of Asia.
答案A
解析 文章第二段介绍了WHO所采取的措施，其中有：“monitor the evaluation of influenza virus strains”，即选项A；“an annual consultation at the end of February”，即每年一次的研讨会，为即将到来的流行病季节提供疫苗成分的建议，并且这些建议很快在流行病报告周刊上刊登出来，故排除选项B(一年举办两次会议，并提供最新数据)和选项c(把最新信息发布在WHO年鉴上)。选项D并未提及。
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