首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
"Governments that want their people to prosper in the burgeoning world economy should guarantee two basic rights:the right to pr
"Governments that want their people to prosper in the burgeoning world economy should guarantee two basic rights:the right to pr
admin
2013-01-20
32
问题
"Governments that want their people to prosper in the burgeoning world economy should guarantee two basic rights:the right to private property and the fight to enforceable contracts",says Mancur Olson in his book Power and Prosperity. Olson was an economics professor at the University of Maryland until his death in 1998.
Some have argued that such fights are merely luxuries that wealthy societies bestow,but Olson turns that argument around and asserts that such rights are essential to creating wealth. "Incomes are low in most of the countries of the world,in short,because the people in those countries do not have secure individual rights," he says.
"Certain simple economic activities,such as food gathering and making handicrafts,rely mostly on individual labor; property is not necessary. But more advanced activities,such as the mass production of goods,require machines and factories and offices. This production is often called capital-intensive,but it is really property-intensive",Olson observes.
"No one would normally engage in capital-intensive production if he or she did not have rights that kept the valuable capital from being taken by bandits,whether roving or stationary," he argues. "There is no private property without government—individuals may have possessions,the way a dog possesses a bone,but there is private property only if the society protects and defends a private right to that possession against other private parties and against the government as well."
Would-be entrepreneurs,no matter how small,also need a government and court system that will make sure people honor their contracts. In fact,the banking systems relied on by developed nations are based on just such an enforceable contract system. "We would not deposit our money in banks...,if we could not rely on the bank having to honor its contract with us,and the bank would not be able to make the profits it needs to stay in business if it could not enforce its loan contracts with borrowers," Olson writes.
Other economists have argued that the poor economies of Third World and communist countries are the result of governments setting both prices and the quantities of goods produced rather than letting a free market determine them. Olson agrees there is some merit to this point of view,but he argues that government intervention is not enough to explain the poverty of these countries. Rather,the real problem is lack of individual rights that give people incentive to generate wealth. "If a society has clear and secure individual rights,there are strong incentives(刺激,动力)to produce,invest,and engage in mutually advantageous trade,and therefore at least some economic advance," Olson concludes.
Which of the following is TRUE about Olson?
选项
A、He was a fiction writer.
B、He edited the book Power and Prosperity.
C、He taught economics at the University of Maryland.
D、He was against the ownership of private property.
答案
C
解析
本题的四个选项中,只有C项正确。这可以从文中第一段最后一句推出,即Olson一直在马里兰大学任经济学教授直至1 998年去世。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/j02O777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
TestshaveconfirmedthatfourpeopleinWisconsincontractedthemonkeypoxvirusaftercomingintoclosecontactwithpetprair
TestshaveconfirmedthatfourpeopleinWisconsincontractedthemonkeypoxvirusaftercomingintoclosecontactwithpetprair
TestshaveconfirmedthatfourpeopleinWisconsincontractedthemonkeypoxvirusaftercomingintoclosecontactwithpetprair
Someplantsare____todiseaseandmustbetakengoodcareofforthewholegrowingperiod.
Lisastoodmotionlessattheendofthedivingboard,handsathersides,heelsslightlyraised,everymuscle_____action.
IaskedmymotherifIcouldgoout,andshe____.
Evenplantscanrunafever,especiallywhenthey’reunderattackbyinsectsordisease.Butunlikehumans,plantscanhavethei
Evenplantscanrunafever,especiallywhenthey’reunderattackbyinsectsordisease.Butunlikehumans,plantscanhavethei
Althoughhehaddonemanygreatthings,heneverfeltitnecessaryto_____hisachievements.
Thenaturalenvironmentstillmanagestofilluswithasenseofaweandamazement.Despitetheamountofscientificknowledgem
随机试题
女性,60岁,误服烧碱后1小时,下列哪项处理不恰当
有关脂类食物来源的叙述,错误的是
教师通过自己长期的辛勤工作,使学生提高了思想品德素养,完善了知识与能力,身体和心理都得到了进一步的发展,这些事实集中反映了教师的()。
在教与学的过程中,要进行有意传递的信息是()。
我国宪法规定的公民在法律面前一律平等原则是指()。
一个盒子里有黑棋子和白棋子若干枚,若取出一枚黑子,则余下的黑子数与白子数之比为9:7,若放回黑子,再取出一枚白子,则余下的黑子数与白子数之比为7:5,那么盒子里原有的黑子数比白子数多:
下列关于RPR技术的描述中,正确的是()。
在窗体上画一个文本框,然后编写如下事件过程:PrivateSubTextLKeyPress(KeyAsciiAsIntegcr)DimcharAsStringchar=Chr(KeyAscii)KeyAscii=Asc(UCase(ch
在设计程序时,应采纳的原则之—是______。
TheFranklinRooseveltcameintopowerintheperiodof_______.
最新回复
(
0
)