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  3. At work, as in life, attractive women get a lot of the breaks. Studies have shown that they are more likely to be promoted than

At work, as in life, attractive women get a lot of the breaks. Studies have shown that they are more likely to be promoted than

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问题    At work, as in life, attractive women get a lot of the breaks. Studies have shown that they are more likely to be promoted than their plain-Jane colleagues. Because people tend to project positive traits onto them, such as sensitivity and poise, they may also be at an advantage in job interviews. The only downside to hotness is having to fend off ghastly male colleagues; or so many people think. But research by two Israelis suggests otherwise.
   Bradley Ruffle at Ben-Gurion University and Ze’ev Shtudiner at Ariel University Centre looked at what happens when job hunters include photos with their curricula vitae, as is the norm in much of Europe and Asia. The pair sent fictional applications to over 2,500 real-life vacancies. For each job, they sent two very similar resumes, one with a photo, one without. Subjects had previously been graded for their attractiveness.
   For men, the results were as expected. Hunks were more likely to be called for an interview if they included a photo. Ugly men were better off not including one. However, for women this was reversed. Attractive females were less likely to be offered an interview if they included a mugshot. When applying directly to a company (rather than through an agency) an attractive woman would need to send out 11 CVs on average before getting an interview; an equally qualified plain one just seven.
   At first, Mr. Ruffle considered what he calls the "dumb-blonde hypothesis" that people assume beautiful women to be stupid. However, the photos had also been rated on how intelligent people thought each subject looked; there was no correlation between perceived intellect and beauty.
   So the cause of the discrimination must lie elsewhere. Human resources departments tend to be staffed mostly by women. Indeed, in the Israeli study, 93% of those tasked with selecting whom to invite for an interview were female. The researchers’ unavoidable and unpalatable conclusion is that old-fashioned jealousy led the women to discriminate against pretty candidates.
   So should attractive women simply attach photos that make them look dowdy? No. Better, says Mr. Ruffle, to discourage the practice of including a photo altogether. Companies might even consider the anonymous model used in the Belgian public sector, where CVs do not even include the candidate’s name.
   
The phrase "curricula vitae" (Para. 2) probably means______.
选项 A、curriculum schedules
B、resumes
C、briefcases
D、job sites
答案B
解析 含义题。根据题干关键词定位到第二段第一句。其中curricula对于考生来说并不陌生，意为“课程，总课程”；vitae是一个超纲词，但是考生可以根据上下文推测出其意思。第二段第一句是一个复合句，句式复杂，但前半部分是在说明两位研究者的身份，重点是对后半部分“when job hunters include photos with their curricula vitae，as is the norm in much of Europe and Asia”的理解。联系上下文，可知此句意为“在很多欧洲和亚洲国家，求职者都会在简历中附上照片”。因此curricula vitae意为“简历，履历”，故B项符合题意，为正确答案。
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