首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Cancer is a tale of two sets of genetic code, your own and your tumor’s—and tracing the unique areas of damage makes for a way t
Cancer is a tale of two sets of genetic code, your own and your tumor’s—and tracing the unique areas of damage makes for a way t
admin
2014-04-20
23
问题
Cancer is a tale of two sets of genetic code, your own and your tumor’s—and tracing the unique areas of damage makes for a way to target treatment.
Fifty years after the discovery of the first direct genetic link to cancer, scientists are assessing the state of so-called targeted therapy—with nearly 30 treatments on the market and a dozen or so more under study. " We’re still not using the ’ C ’word, ’ cure,’ " cautioned medicine director Jeff Boyd of Fox Chase Cancer Center, who helped organized a meeting to examine the future of targeted therapy. But, he added, "there is real potential to transform many cancers into chronic diseases. "
One challenge is how to expand the number of targets to attack, in part by answering what the new chief of the National Cancer Institute calls the "big questions" about what makes this disease so intractable. What makes a tumor metastasize or spread through the body? Why some tumors spread and others don’t? What programs those tumor cells to invade, say, the liver instead of the bone or the lung? These are factors that undoubtedly could be new treatment targets.
A domino effect of genetic alterations is required to cause any of the 200 diseases collectively called cancer. Some occur in the person, making them more prone to illness. But tumors also have their own genetic signature—four to seven genetic changes that are critical to turning, say, a normal breast or colon or liver cell into a cancerous one, and a pattern of activity that signals how aggressive that malignancy will be. Those unique patterns also offer targets for treatment, drugs that
zero in
on the particular genetic pathways fueling the person’s cancer—and even vaccine-like therapies, a fledgling field that aims to train patients’ immune systems to recognize and fight their tumors.
As the targeted therapies work differently—shrinking a tumor or slowing its growth—than the tumor-destroying approaches of chemotherapy and radiation, it’s harder to prove a benefit. But Allison Frey, whose aggressive form of thyroid cancer spread to her liver in inoperable patches, says that approach has made her cancer an illness she can manage much like a diabetic manages insulin. For nearly five years, she has swallowed an experimental pill that shrank those patches and kept them from growing back, working through a pathway that targets a tumor’s blood supply. "Honestly, to me it’s just like any other chronic illness," said Frey, who’s part of a study at Fox Chase. "I show up for work every day and live life...with minimal issues. "
The phrase "zero in"(Line 5, Paragraph 4)most probably means______.
选项
A、take aim
B、return to zero
C、pass through
D、get involved
答案
A
解析
语义题。仅仅分析该词组所在分句很难准确得出答案,需将范围扩大至之前的分句Those uniquepatterns also offer targets for treatment…,意为“这个独特的结构为治疗提供了目标”,其中targets为关键词。顺承该句语义,drugs that zero in on the particular genetic pathways fueling the person’s cancer所表达的意思是“药物针对为肿瘤提供养分的遗传途径”,词组zero in应表达“对准目标”之意,故选项[A]正确。zero in虽有“归零”的意思,但与此处的文意不符,排除[B]项return to zero,考生要特别注意语义题中的这种“原词陷阱”。[C]项pass through“通过”利用后文单词pathways对考生造成迷惑,但与句意不符,较易排除。而[D]项get involved表示“介入”,虽意义接近,但不能表达“准确针对”之意,与前文的targets不能呼应,故也可排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/jJO4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Digitalphotographyisstillnewenoughthatmostofushaveyettoformanopinionaboutit【1】developapointofview.Butthis
Schoolshootingsacrossthecountrycontinuetodiscussthestoryofthestudentwhoisoutcastbyfellowpeersanddecidestol
Thetermmassagetherapy(alsocalledmassage,forshort;massagealsoreferstoanindividualtreatmentsession)coversagroup
In1998consumerscouldpurchasevirtuallyanythingovertheInternet.Books,compactdiscs,andevenstockswereavailablefrom
Lateralthinking,firstdescribedbyEdwarddeBonoin1967,isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.Youmightimaginethat
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslarg
Computerbraingamesmaynotofferthebigmentalboostmanywerehopingfor,suggestsnewresearch,butbrainscientistsandbr
TheSouthdaleshoppingcentreinMinnesotahasanatrium,afoodcourt,fountainsandacresofparking.ItsshopsincludeaDair
Manycountrieshaveatraditionofinvitingforeignerstorulethem.TheEnglishcalledinWilliamofOrangein1688,and,depen
随机试题
背景材料英国某财团副总裁率代表团来华考察合资办酒厂的环境和商洽有关事宜,国内某酒厂出面接待安排。第一天洽谈会,英方人员全部西装革履,穿着统一规范出席,而我方代表有穿夹克、布鞋的,有穿牛仔裤、皮鞋的,还有的干脆穿着毛衣外套。结果,当天的会谈草草结束后,英方
政策指导矩阵是根据()将经营单位进行分类的。
活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTr)延长见于()
下列关于汗液的叙述,错误的是
某市某区人民检察院原检察长陈某约从1996年起,与其妻汪某感情不合,随着时间的推移,矛盾不断加深,夫妻感情恶化,到了2008年9月28日晚,陈某决意杀死汪某。之后,陈某趁汪某冲澡之机,将安眠药溶化于水杯中,待汪某洗完澡后让汪某服下。次日凌晨4时许,陈某
房地产经纪门店营业目标的分配方法中,容易产生因分配额过大或过小,导致欠缺公平性的分配方法是()。
企业的营业成本包括()。
张某与王某依法签订合同,张某将自己所有的一辆别克汽车卖给王某,价款20万元,汽车已办理所有权转移登记手续但尚未交付;后李某表示愿以22万元的价格购买该汽车,张某同意,李某交付全款并提走汽车。下列说法正确的有()。
下列属于积差相关的适用条件是()。
课外活动就是课堂教学的补充,在学校教育中是无足轻重的。
最新回复
(
0
)