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  3. The establishment of the Third Reich influenced events in American history by starting a chain of events which culminated in war

The establishment of the Third Reich influenced events in American history by starting a chain of events which culminated in war

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问题    The establishment of the Third Reich influenced events in American history by starting a chain of events which culminated in war between Germany and the United States. The compete destruction of democracy, the persecution of Jews, the war on religion, the cruelty and barbarism of the Nazis, and especially the plans of Germany and her allies, Italy and Japan, for world conquest caused great indignation in this country and brought on fear of another world war.
   While speaking out against Hitler’s atrocities, the American people generally favored isolationist policies and neutrality.
   The Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1936 prohibited trade with any belligerents or loans to them. In 1937 the President was empowered to declare an arms embargo in wars between nations at his discretion.
   American opinion began to change somewhat after President Roosevelt’s " quarantine the aggressor" speech at Chicago (1937) in which he severely criticized Hitler’s policies. Germany’s seizure of Austria and the Munich Pact for the partition of Czechoslovakia (1938) also aroused the American people.
   The conquest of Czechoslovakia in March, 1939 was another rude awakening to the menace of the Third Reich. In August, 1939 came the shock of the Nazi-Soviet Pact and in September the attack on Poland and the outbreak of European war.
   The United States attempted to maintain neutrality in spite of sympathy for the democracies arrayed against the Third Reich. The Neutrality Act of 1939 repealed the arms embargo and permitted "cash and carry" exports of arms to belligerent nations. A strong national defense program began.
   A draft act was passed (1940) to strengthen the military services. A Lend-Lease Act (1941) authorized the President to sell, exchange, or lend materials to any country deemed necessary by him for the defense of the United States. Help was given to Britain by exchanging certain overage destroyers for the right to establish American bases in British territory in the Western Hemisphere. In August 1940, President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill met and issued the Atlantic Charter which proclaimed the kind of a world which should be established after the war.
   In December 1941, Japan launched the unprovoked attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor. Immediately thereafter, Germany declared war on the United States.
The Lend-Lease Act was designed to______.
选项 A、help the British
B、strengthen the national defense of the United States
C、promote the Atlantic Charter
D、avenge Pearl Harbor
答案B
解析 事实细节题。根据Lend-Lease Act定位到第七段第二句。该句指出，1941年的《租借法》授权总统为保卫美国的需要，可向他认为必要的任何国家出售、交换或租借材料，故答案为[B]项。该段第三句提到，美国帮助英国是为了建立自己的基地，故排除[A]项；文中并没有讨论此法案与《大西洋宪章》和“珍珠港事件”的关系，故排除[C]项和[D]项。
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