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  3. According to sociologists, there are several different ways a person may become recognised as the leader of a social group. Alth

According to sociologists, there are several different ways a person may become recognised as the leader of a social group. Alth

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问题     According to sociologists, there are several different ways a person may become recognised as the leader of a social group. Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce【C1】______evidence that there is any category of "natural leaders". It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather,【C2】______any person may be recognised as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.
    Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that【C3】______the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done". Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasises the collective well-beings(幸福)of social group members. They are less【C4】______with the overall goals of the group than with providing【C5】______support to group members and attempting to minimise tension and conflict among them. Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may【C6】______group members who inhibit(阻碍)attainment of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders【C7】______a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer【C8】______when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the【C9】______in these two roles suggests, expressive leaders generally receive more personal【C10】______from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy more distant respect.
A)difference I)controls
B)concerned J)confirm
C)discipline K)virtually
D)sympathy L)consistent
E)eventually M)emphasises
F)emotional N)cultivate
G)affection O)satisfied
H)constant
【C8】
选项
答案D
解析 根据空格后面的文意可推知成员有困难的时候给予的应该是诸如“帮助、同情”之类的安慰或鼓励，那么备选项中符合这一语境的应该是D)sympathy。
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