首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How Interpreters Work? I. Understanding A. About words and expressions —【T1】______ words may be left out: —
How Interpreters Work? I. Understanding A. About words and expressions —【T1】______ words may be left out: —
admin
2022-08-27
72
问题
How Interpreters Work?
I. Understanding
A. About words and expressions
—【T1】______ words may be left out:
—If not knowing a key word or expression,
—If not knowing a key word or expression,
a) admit or 【T2】______ if necessary, with the delegates.
b) deduce from【T3】______.
B. About ideas/concepts
—【T4】______ of different kinds of texts that
a) present logical arguments
b) present a sequence of【T5】______
c) are descriptive, focusing on an event, a scene or a situation
—identification of 【T6】______
—analysis of ideas linked by 【T7】______
Ⅱ. Memorization of a speech
A. Objective
—to create 【T8】______ of the discourse
—to link its different parts through its semantic-logical connections
B. Means of memorization
—concentrating on the ideas
—connecting main ideas to a series of 【T9】______
—focusing on the links among the main ideas
Ⅲ. 【T10】______ of the content in another language
A. Goal: make sure the audience understand the speech.
B. Suggestions:
—enriching one’s general 【T11】______
—following the press in one’s native language
—watching TV, see movies, etc. in the 【T12】______ language
IV. Conclusion
A. Interpreting is a profession that is all about communication:
—"make their own speech" 【T13】______ the speeches they interpret
—be faithful to 【T14】______
—as accurate as possible
B. Interpreters should take advantage of
all the possible 【T15】______ available in their working languages.
【T7】
How Interpreters Work
Good morning. Today I’d like to give you a brief introduction to an interpreter’s work. Generally speaking, an interpreter has to fulfill three stages during his work: the understanding of the speaker’s original message, the memorization of a speech and the re-expression of the same content in another language, with the help of some notes the interpreter writes down upon hearing the original message.
The first stage is the understanding. The understanding we refer to here is not of words but of ideas, since an interpreter has to convey concepts. But what happens if an interpreter doesn’t know one word or an expression that he or she hears in a speech?
First of all we can underline that an interpreter can understand a speaker’s meaning without actually understanding every single word and expression used. There are other occasions, however, where
a word is too important to be left out.
If the interpreter does not know a key word, there can be problems. But after hearing the whole speech, he or she should be able to deduce the meaning of it from the context, given the numbers of clues they have.
Moreover, interpreters cannot be expected to be encyclopedic dictionaries, and they must accept that there are times when they do not know a word or an idiomatic expression. In a situation of direct contact with the delegates,
the interpreter must admit his or her ignorance and, if necessary, clarify the question with the delegates.
On the other hand, the interpreter does not have the right to guess at meanings in order to hide a normally possible, even if embarrassing, situation.
Furthermore, in order to understand meaning without knowing all the lexical items,
and to be able to deduce from context,
interpreters must in any case have a thorough knowledge of their working languages.
In order to understand the ideas of a speech, an interpreter needs to get familiar with different kinds of texts.
They can present logical arguments showing both points of view on a question before arriving at a synthetic conclusion,
they can be a sequence of logical deductions leading to an obvious conclusion according to the speaker’s point of view,
and they may simply be descriptive, focusing on an event, a scene or a situation.
What follows is the identification of the main ideas.
In order to understand a message, an interpreter has to identify the main ideas and give them their proper relevance in the interpretation. And, owing to the intrinsic difficulty of a speech or to the speaker’s speed, he or she might be forced to omit one or more elements of the original. It is clear that if the interpreter doesn’t translate some details, the interpretation will not be perfect but still adequate, whereas, if he or she misses out significant points of the discourse, the result will be a seriously flawed performance.
Indeed, interpreters should be capable of providing a summary of a speech, since delegates often don’t want a detailed interpretation but only an exhaustive and precise summary of what has been said.
What’s going on next in understanding phase is the analysis of links of the main ideas. A speech is not only a sequence of ideas, but also a series of ideas related to one another in a particular way.
Ideas may be linked by logical consequences, logical causes,
put together without cause-effect relations, and may also be expressed by a series of opposing concepts.
The second stage of interpreting is the memorization of a speech.
The objective is to create a telegraphic version of the discourse,
and to link its different parts through its semantic-logical connections. We have different means to remember a speech. One possibility is that of internally visualizing the content of a speech and creating images in one’s mind. Specifically speaking, an interpreter needs to concentrate on
ideas, not on single words,
connect the main ideas to a series of numbers,
and then concentrate on the links among the main ideas so as to reproduce the structure of the speech as a kind of skeleton.
The third stage of interpreting is re-expression.
After understanding, analyzing and memorizing, interpreters have to re-express the speech they have just heard. It must be clear that they are not required to give an academically perfect translation. Their role is to make sure the speaker is understood by the audience so real interpreters have to continue to work on their working languages, including their mother tongue, with the aim of keeping them rich, lively, effective and up-to-date. Therefore, they must be informed about the latest national or international events with the purpose of learning new terminology and also of grabbing the spirit of the era we’re living in. To this end, it is possible to suggest the following advice:
First,
constantly enrich one’s general vocabulary and style,
through regular reading of a broad range of well-written publications in all working languages; Second, follow the press in one’s native language too, which is of particular importance for interpreters living abroad; Third,
watch television, see movies, go to the theatre and listen to songs in their original language.
To sum up, it’s true that an interpreter’s work involves only three basic processes, i.e., understanding, memorization and re-expression. Interpreting is a profession that is all about communication. In order to communicate well, interpreters have to "make their own speech"
based on the speeches they interpret,
and
their speech must be faithful to the original
and as accurate as possible in the above three processes.
They should take advantage of all the possible resources available in their working languages
in order to reach an effective, clear and elegant level of performance.
选项
答案
logical consequences//logical causes
解析
本题仍属于理解阶段对于观点的处理。在讲到一些主要信息时,讲座者提到这些信息应当“与逻辑因果关系相关”(be linked by logical consequences,logical causes),可知答案为logical con-sequences或logical causes。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/jPnD777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Thereisdistinctionbetweenreadingforinformationandreadingforunderstanding.【B1】________Thefirstsenseistheonei
Thereisdistinctionbetweenreadingforinformationandreadingforunderstanding.【B1】________Thefirstsenseistheonei
Somepeoplemakeyoufeelcomfortablewhentheyarearound.【B1】________Thesepeoplehavesomethingincommon.Andonceweknoww
Itdoesn’tmatterwhenorhowlongapersonsleeps,buteveryoneneedssomeresttostayalive.That’swhatalldoctorsthought,
WhatmakesanexcellentarticleaccordingtoProf.Sheffield?
Whichofthefollowingispartoftheamenitiesoffered?
RecyclinginGaea’sGuardiansAim:protectingenvironmentthroughrecyclingTypeofgroup:
PASSAGEONEWhatdid"thisdream"inPara.16mean?
HowInterpretersWork?I.UnderstandingA.Aboutwordsandexpressions—【T1】______wordsmaybeleftout:—
随机试题
如果对财务报表发表非无保留意见,注册会计师的下列做法中正确的有()。
阅渎下列材料,指出材料中反映和揭示了哪些哲学观点。材料1地球上最初是没有任何生命的,经过亿万年的发展和进化,才从无机物演化出有机物,从有机物演化出生物,从低等生物演化出高等生物,最后才产生出人类。根据考古学、古生物学、胚胎学和对遗传基因的
下列选项中,符合针刺得气表现的有()(2011年第177题)
郭某,女,45岁。近5天来自觉吞咽梗阻,胸膈痞闷,情志舒畅时可稍减轻,口干咽燥,舌质偏红,苔薄腻,脉弦滑。此时应选用何方治疗
女,69岁。呼吸困难伴左胸痛2天。活动后呼吸困难加重,胸痛于吸气时加重,无咳嗽、咳痰、咯血和发热。结肠癌术后化疗中。查体:BP110/75mmHg,口唇发绀,左下肺可闻及少许细湿啰音,心率96次/分,律齐,P2>A2,胸骨左缘第5肋间可闻及2/6级收缩期杂
纳税人用委托加工收回的应税消费品连续生产应税消费品,在计算纳税时,其委托加工应税消费品的已纳消费税税款应按下列办法处理( )。
现在国际和我国通用的能量单位是()。
运动员的专门化知觉的发展水平与技术水平()。
班主任既通过对集体的管理去间接影响个人,又通过对个人的直接管理去影响集体,从而把对集体和个人的管理相结合的管理方式是()。
下列选项中,不属于数据管理员(DBA)职责的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)