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  3. Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sp

Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sp

admin2012-07-17  58
问题     Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure boats dance into view.
    The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants, another level appears.
    The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied, a second level of wants appears, clothing and some sort of shelter. By the end of World War II these wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.
    By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared: the "life-enriching" level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human body. This level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called "luxury" items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and entertainment. Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.
    On the fourth level, a greater percentage of consumers spending goes to services, while on the first three levels, more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?
    A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling stomachs, our clothes, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.
It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War II most Americans______.
选项 A、were very rich
B、lived in poverty
C、had the good things on the first three levels
D、did not own automobiles
答案D
解析 本题问从文章中我们可以推断出到第二次世界大战结束时，绝大部分美国人怎样。根据文章第三段的内容，人类的第一个也是最基本的需要是食物，这一需要一旦满足，第二个层次便是衣物和某种住所。到第二次世界大战结束时，绝大部分美国人已经满足了这些需求。于是，便出现了第三个层次的需求，它包括像汽车及新住房之类的东西。因此，我们可以推知本题的正确答案应是D“那时大部分美国人都还没有汽车”。
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