首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Effective Note-taking The difficulty of taking notes: Note-taking requires a high level of ability due to the【T1】______ of spoke
Effective Note-taking The difficulty of taking notes: Note-taking requires a high level of ability due to the【T1】______ of spoke
admin
2018-05-24
31
问题
Effective Note-taking
The difficulty of taking notes: Note-taking requires a high level of ability
due to the【T1】______ of spoken language.【T1】______
I. Before taking notes:
A. Be sure of the【T2】______of yours and the speaker’s.【T2】______
B. Review relevant background materials if【T3】______.【T3】______
II. While taking notes:
A. Understand the new words by【T4】______the meanings from the context.【T4】______
B. Study carefully the【T5】______, which usually implies【T5】______
the most important information.
C. Catch the speaker’s【T6】______through tone, gesture, repetition and【T6】______
illustration on the board.
D. Pay attention to the speaker’s indirect(7)to indicate what is important,【T7】______
like changes in speed, volume or【T8】______.【T8】______
E. While writing down the main points, develop a system of mechanics:
jotting down【T9】______: using shorthand, abbreviations and symbols:【T9】______
leaving out【T10】______ words.【T10】______
F. While selecting words to write down, pick those having the【T11】______【T11】______
information, like nouns, verbs or【T12】______, and those indicating【T12】______
the proceeding direction of the lecture, like【T13】______.【T13】______
III. After taking notes:
A Review and【T14】______ them as soon as possible.【T14】______
B.【T15】______ notes with others to learn from them.【T15】______
【T8】
Effective Note-taking
Good morning, everyone! Today I’d like to continue our series of talks about study skills in university. This morning I’m going to discuss how to take notes effectively.
As we all know, note-taking is difficult since spoken language is more diffuse than written language and its organization is not immediately apparent In addition, spoken language is quickly gone, which makes analysis difficult. So it can be seen that to achieve such a complex task as note-taking, a high level of ability in many separate skills is required. Now let’s discuss these skills in details.
Before taking notes, prepare yourself mentally. Be sure of your purpose and the speaker’s purpose. Review your notes and other background material if available because increased knowledge results in increased interest. Besides, a clear sense of purpose on your part will make the speaker’s content more relevant. Be ready to understand and remember. Anticipate what is to come, and later evaluate how well you were able to do this.
While taking notes, the student has to understand what the lecturer says as he says it. The student cannot stop the lecture in order to look up a new word or check an unfamiliar sentence pattern. This puts the non-native speaker of English under a particularly severe strain. Often he may not be able to recognize words in speech which he understands straightaway in print He’ll also meet words in a lecture which are completely new to him. While he should, of course, try to develop the ability to infer their meanings from the context, he won’t always be able to do this successfully. He must not allow failure of this kind to discourage him, however. It is often possible to understand much of a lecture by concentrating solely on those points which are most important. But how does the student decide what is important? It is, in fact, the second skill I want to talk about today.
Probably the most important piece of information in a lecture is the title itself. If this is printed beforehand, the student should study it carefully and make sure he is in no doubt about its meaning. Whatever happens he should make sure that he writes it down accurately and completely. A title often implies many of the major points that will later be covered in the lecture itself.
Be alert to the speaker’s emphasis through tone, gesture, repetition and illustration on the board A good lecturer, of course, often signals what is important or unimportant. He may give direct signals or indirect signals. Many lecturers, for example, explicitly tell their audience that a point is important and that the student should write it down. It is worth remembering that most lecturers also give indirect signals to indicate what is important. They either pause or speak slowly or speak loudly or use a greater range of intonation, or they employ a combination of these devices, when they say something important. Conversely, their sentences are delivered quickly, softly, within a narrow range of intonation and with short or infrequent pauses when they are saying something which is incidental. It is, of course, helpful for the student to be aware of this and for him to focus his attention accordingly.
Having sorted out the main points, however, the student still has to write them down. And he has to do this quickly and clearly. In order to write at speed, try to develop a suitable system of mechanics: jot down words or phrases, not entire sentences: develop some system of shorthand and be consistent in its use: leave out small service words: use contractions, abbreviations and symbols.
Most students find it helpful to abbreviate. They also try to select only those words which give maximum information. These are usually nouns, but sometimes verbs or adjectives. Writing only one point on each line also helps the student to understand his notes when he comes to read them later. An important difficulty is, of course, finding time to write the notes. If a student chooses the wrong moment to write, he may miss a point of greater importance. Connecting words or connectives may guide him to a correct choice here. Those connectives which indicate that the argument is proceeding in the same direction also tell the listener that it is a safe time to write. "Moreover", "furthermore", "also", etc., are examples of this. Connectives such as "however", "on the other hand" or "nevertheless" usually mean that new and perhaps unexpected information is going to follow. Therefore, it may, on these occasions, be more appropriate to listen.
After taking notes, review and reword them as soon as possible. Don’t just recopy or type without thought. Reminiscing may provide forgotten material later. Rewrite incomplete parts in greater detail. Fill in gaps as you remember points heard but not recorded. Arrange with another student to compare notes. Sharpen your note-taking technique by looking at other students’ notes. How are they better than your own? How are your notes superior? Compare the information in your notes with your own experience. Don’t swallow everything uncritically. Don’t reject what seems strange or incorrect. Check it out. Be willing to hold some seeming inconsistencies in your mind over a period of time. Make meaningful associations. Memorize that which must be memorized.
OK. In today’s lecture, we’ve discussed several skills that can help one in taking notes effectively. In our next lecture, we’ll explore how to read effectively.
选项
答案
intonation
解析
在谈到indirect signals(间接信号)时提到,演讲人要么放慢语速,要么提高音量,要么使用抑扬顿挫的语调。题目中的speed对应原文的slowly,volume对应loudly,因而填入intonation。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/jjoK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、Takinganoperation.B、Injectiontherapy.C、Blooddonation.D、Takingmedicine.C对话中在主持人说过铁元素过多的治疗方式有些原始后,Sharon说,确实很神奇,只是简单的捐献
EffectiveNote-takingThedifficultyoftakingnotes:Note-takingrequiresahighlevelofabilityduetothe【T1】______ofspoke
DifferentTypesofLearningI.ThedefinitionoflearningA.AprocessofpeopleexperiencingrelationshipbetweeneventsB.【T1】
HowPracticeCanDamageYourEnglishI.NewinterpretationsofspeakingandwritinginlearningEnglishA.Speakingandwriting
AdviceforStudents:HowtoTalktoProfessorsI.IntroductionA.Professors:normalpeople,justlikeeveryoneelseB.Student
WritingExperimentalReportsI.Contentofanexperimentalreport,e.g.—studysubject/area—studypurpose【T1】______【T1】______
A、Theconstructions.B、Thefaculties.C、Theadaptableminds.D、Thechallenges.C主持人的最后一个问题问的也是过去与现在在教育方面的共同点。王教授回答,不断地适应新的挑战,有着不
A、It’sverysimple.B、It’sverydifficult.C、It’simpossible.D、Itdepends.D本题考查重要细节。根据句(7)可知,要想使人们后悔的事得以改善,需要具体问题具体分析,因此[D]为正确
WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoa
A、Areporter.B、Abrainpowerexpert.C、Adoctor.D、Anassociateprofessor.D句(2)中,主持人介绍说米里亚姆.纳尔逊是塔夫斯大学弗里德曼营养学院的副教授。因此答案为[D]。
随机试题
治疗脾虚水肿宜选用的药物是()治疗心气虚、脉结代,宜选用的药物是()
某一国际海上货物运输合同的当事人在合同中选定我国某法院作为解决可能发生的纠纷的法院。关于此,下列哪一选项是错误的:
按检定的目的和性质来分,计量器是首次检定后的检定被称为()。
关于无形资产的摊销,下列说法中正确的有()。
下列各项中,属于可免征个人所得税的个人所得的有()。
一、注意事项1.本题本由给定资料与作答要求两部分组成。考试时间为150分钟。其中,阅读给定资料参考时限为40分钟。作答参考时限为110分钟。满分100分。2.请在题本、答题卡指定位置上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的姓名和准考证号,并
我国法律规定,需要申请的集会、游行、示威活动,其负责人必须在举行日期的()日前向主管机关递交书面申请
统筹兼顾
100BASE-T的传输介质是______。
在Cisco路由器上使用命令“snmp-serverhost59.67.148.2system”进行SNMP设置,如果在管理站59.67.148.2上能正常接收来自该路由器的通知,那么下列描述中错误的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)