首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically
In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically
admin
2015-09-25
42
问题
In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically be capable of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning. Psychologists have found that there are two basic processes by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called " classical conditioning". This occurs when one event or stimulus is consistently paired with, or followed by, a reward or punishment; it is through classical conditioning that a child learns to associate his mother’s face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar fashion.
The second kind of learning is called "operant conditioning". This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and learns not to do things that produce punishments. For example, if a mother always attends to her baby when he cries and cuddles him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get attention from mother. Thus, the baby will learn to increase his crying in order to have his mother more.
Every day, we grow and have new experiences. We constantly learn by reading, watching television, interacting with some people, and so forth. This learning affects our emotions. Why is it that we learn to like some people and dislike others? if a person is nice to us, cares about us, we learn to associate this person with positive feelings, such as joy, happiness, and friendliness. On the other hand, if a person is mean to us, does not care about us, and even deliberately does things to harm us, we learn to associate this person with negative feelings, such as unhappiness, discomfort, and anger.
The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to______.
选项
A、teach children how to learn to produce and experience certain emotion
B、give the general reader an account of two basic kinds of learning
C、give parents some advice on how to modify their children’s emotions through learning
D、discuss with psychologist how positive and negative feelings are produced
答案
B
解析
主旨思想题。文章首段提出两种学习模式,即“经典性条件反射”和“操作性条件反射”,在随后的段落里解释这两种模式,并举例说明,因此文章主要是对两种不同学习模式的概括性说明。故答案为B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/jpLO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
TwosystemofweightsandmeasuresexistintheU.S.today:theU.S.CustomarySystemandtheInternationalSystemofUnits(I
ItwasanormaldayinthelifeoftheAmericanRedCrossinGreaterNewYork.First,partofabuildingonWest140thStreet,i
Self-esteemiswhatpeoplethinkaboutthemselves-whetherornottheyfeelvaluedandwhenfamilymembershaveself-respect,pr
Ifincomeistransferredfromrichpersonstopoorpersonstheproportioninwhichdifferentsortsofgoodsandservicesarepro
TheearlyretirementofexperiencedworkersisseriouslyharmingtheU.S.economy,accordingtoanewreportfromtheHudsonIn
Theproceduresfollowedbyscholarsstudyingliteratureareoftenunsatisfactory:thecontroloveracognitiveprojectasawhol
Engineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityandrationality,butwhenitcomestomycollegeeducationIam
46.Theonrushofcheapcommunications,powerfulcomputersandtheInternetallexplainwhymanypeoplefeelthat,nowadays,cha
Inapurelybiologicalsense,fearbeginswiththebody’ssystemforreactingtothingsthatcanharmus—theso-calledfight-o
Theyhadafierce______astowhethertheircompanyshouldrestorethetraderelationshipwhichwasbrokenyearsago.
随机试题
男性,20岁。3天前淋雨后出现咽干、咽痒,继而打喷嚏,鼻塞,流清水样鼻涕。体检:鼻腔黏膜充血、水肿,咽部轻度充血,最可能的诊断
用动压法测空气流速时,测得全压p0=560Pa,静压p=544Pa,空气密度取ρ=1.2kg/m3,则空气流速为()。
案例一般资料:求助者,女性,34岁,初中毕业,农民。案例介绍:两个月前求助者9岁的独生子因车祸去世,车祸发生前,她曾想去学校接儿子,但因故没去成,因此非常自责,求助者不能接受失去儿子的现实,脑子里经常浮现儿子的影子,夜间经常因梦到儿子而
AM是()。
材料:伴随城镇化的不断发展。农村留守儿童教育与管理问题成为社会各界普遍关注的话题。为促进留守儿童发展,各地采取了不同措施:1,江苏“温馨家园”:学校积极动员社会各界关心“留守儿童”的健康成长,由志愿者组建“温馨家园”,定期开展“爱心课堂
下列关于会计档案销毁描述有误的一项是()。
元认知指的是对认知的认知,即认知主体关于自己认知过程的知识和调节这些过程的能力,对思维和学习活动的认知和控制。元认知的实质是对认知活动的自我意识和自我调节。根据上述定义,以下包含元认知的是:
只有巧干加实干,才能创造出惊人的业绩。某公司的业务经理取得了非凡的业绩,可见该业务经理实践了巧干加实干。下列哪个推理结构与上述推理在形式上是相同的?()
Politicalplatformsareusuallywrittenforelectioncampaignpurposes,thenquicklyscrappedafterapresidentialelection.But
WhatAmericaWoninthe"WaronPoverty"?A)Insupportofgovernmentactiontoeasetheplightofthepoor,PresidentObama
最新回复
(
0
)