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  3. By the time you retire, there’ s no doubt about it, your brain isn’ t what it used to be. By 65, most people will start to notic

By the time you retire, there’ s no doubt about it, your brain isn’ t what it used to be. By 65, most people will start to notic

admin2018-05-18  51
问题    By the time you retire, there’ s no doubt about it, your brain isn’ t what it used to be. By 65, most people will start to notice the signs: you forget people’ s names and the teapot occasionally turns up in the fridge.
   There is a good reason why our memories start to let us down. At this stage of life, we are steadily losing brain cells in critical areas. This is not too much of a problem at first: even in old age, the brain is flexible enough to compensate. At some point, though, the losses start to make themselves felt.
   Clearly, not everyone ages in the same way, so what’ s the difference between a happy, intelligent old person and a forgetful, bad-tempered granny? And can we improve our chances of becoming the former?
   Exercise can certainly help. Numerous studies have shown that gentle exercise three times a week can improve concentration and abstract reasoning in older people, perhaps by encouraging the growth of new brain cells. Exercise also helps steady our blood sugar. As we age, our blood sugar control worsens, which causes a large increase in blood sugar levels. This can affect an area that helps form memories. Since physical activity helps control blood sugar, getting out and about could reduce these peaks and, potentially, improve your memory.
   Coordination training could also help. Studies have shown that specifically targeting motor control and balance improves learning function in 60 to 80-year-olds.
   " Brain training" was once considered strange, but a study concludes that computerised brain exercises can improve memory and attention in the over 65s. Importantly, these changes were large enough that participants reported significant improvements in everyday activities, such as remembering names or following conversations in noisy restaurants.
   Avoiding the complaints is even easier. In fact, your brain is doing all it can to ensure a contented retirement. By 65 , we are much better at increasing the experience of positive emotion, says Florin Dolcos, a neurobiologist at the University of Alberta in Canada. In experiments, he found that people over the age of 60 tended to remember fewer emotionally negative photographs compared with positive ones than younger people.
According to the text, mild exercise helps old people_________.
选项 A、avoid a bad temper
B、feel happy with their life
C、practise creative thinking
D、improve their mental ability
答案D
解析 推断题。题干中的关键词mild exercise是对文章第四段第二句中gentle exercise的同义替换，根据该句“Numerous studies have shown that gentle exercise three times a week can improve concentration and abstract reasoning in older people，perhaps by encouraging the growth of new brain cells．”可知，轻度锻炼有助于提高老年人的注意力和抽象思维能力，这与D选项“提高他们的大脑能力”表达一致，故D为正确答案。A选项“避免坏脾气”和B选项“对他们的生活感到幸福”表述太笼统，均排除。C选项“锻炼心理能力”在文中未提及，可排除。
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