首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their res
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their res
admin
2017-12-11
87
问题
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the authors’ names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.
No longer. The Internet—and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it—is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.
The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2, 000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16, 000 journals.
This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones were identified by the report’ s authors. There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author(or his employer)to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
With the open-access publishing model, the author of a paper is required to
选项
A、cover the cost of its publication.
B、subscribe to the journal publishing it.
C、allow other online journals to use it freely.
D、complete the peer-review before submission.
答案
A
解析
细节题。可以直接回到原文最后一段找线索。从文中“there is open—access publishing,typi cally supported by asking the author to pay for the paper to be publish”可知答案为A项。B项、D项 是对原文的曲解,C项属于无中生有。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/jsBZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Asimpleideasupportsscience:"trust,butverify".Resultsshouldalwaysbe【C1】______tochallengefromexperiment.Thatsimple
Asimpleideasupportsscience:"trust,butverify".Resultsshouldalwaysbe【C1】______tochallengefromexperiment.Thatsimple
Asimpleideasupportsscience:"trust,butverify".Resultsshouldalwaysbe【C1】______tochallengefromexperiment.Thatsimple
Lookatyoursmartphone.Thinkaboutthedecisionsyouwillmakeonittoday.Youmaysnatchadinner【C1】______,tellyourspous
Lookatyoursmartphone.Thinkaboutthedecisionsyouwillmakeonittoday.Youmaysnatchadinner【C1】______,tellyourspous
Lookatyoursmartphone.Thinkaboutthedecisionsyouwillmakeonittoday.Youmaysnatchadinner【C1】______,tellyourspous
Lookatyoursmartphone.Thinkaboutthedecisionsyouwillmakeonittoday.Youmaysnatchadinner【C1】______,tellyourspous
Lookatyoursmartphone.Thinkaboutthedecisionsyouwillmakeonittoday.Youmaysnatchadinner【C1】______,tellyourspous
随机试题
简要说明语言的产生必须具备的三个方面的条件。
引起消费者需求增加的因素有()
A、wholeB、whileC、whomD、whoseB画线部分读[w],其他选项的画线部分读[h]。
小儿急性喉炎临床可见支气管异物临床可见
下列与健康和疾病关系最直接的应激心理反应是
两种药物合用,能产生毒性反应或副作用称为两种药物合用,一种药物与另一种药物相作用而致原功效降低,称为
厂房内设置丙类仓库时,必须采用防火墙隔开,图中楼板耐火极限正确的是()。
哪个心理学家最早提出了著名的“遗忘曲线”()
006年10月某市人民检察院以宏发经济发展公司和该市国家税务局城区中心分局犯逃税罪起诉到该市中级人民法院。该市中级人民法院经审理查明:市国家税务局城区中心分局在与宏发经济发展公司共谋后决定为宏发经济发展公司偷税提供方便,宏发经济发展公司在其法定代表人张某的
Whywillthewomanbeoutoftheofficealldaytoday?Becausesheis______.
最新回复
(
0
)