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  3. A man sits alone at a workbench, starting at a piece of equipment with a puzzled frown(皱眉). He says:"So if I put red four there,

A man sits alone at a workbench, starting at a piece of equipment with a puzzled frown(皱眉). He says:"So if I put red four there,

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问题     A man sits alone at a workbench, starting at a piece of equipment with a puzzled frown(皱眉). He says:"So if I put red four there, and link it to blue three, that’ll leave blue six free. Then I can use that for green four. Right. " He begins to work.
    People often feel the need to speak their thoughts aloud. If asked why they do it, they reply that it helps their concentration. Authors often make similar remarks about the need to get a first draft down on paper, in order to see whether what they have written corresponds to(相符合)what they had in mind. The French thinker, Joseph Joubert(1754—1824), once said, "We only know just what we meant to say after we have said it. "
    Perhaps the most common use of language as an instrument of thought is found when people perform mathematical calculations "in their head". Very often, this supposedly "mental" act is accompanied by a verbal commentary(口头评论). However, it is not essential that language used in this way should always be spoken aloud or written down. Often, people can be seen to move their lips while they are thinking, but no actual sound emerges. Language is evidently present, but in a "sub-vocal" form.
    Several theories have been proposed about the role of lauguage as the instrument of thought-notably that of the Russian psychologist, Lev Semenovich Vygotsky(1896— 1934), who argued for a concept of "inner speech", a mental use of words to evoke(唤起)a sequence of thoughts. Do all thoughts, then, require language? This complex question can not be answered easily without consideration of the main factors which give rise to(导致)the complications(复杂性).
From the last paragraph we can know that______.
选项 A、the Russian psychologist, Vygotsky refused the idea of "inner speech"
B、several theories have been suggested that the concept of "inner speech" could be adopted
C、the question that if all thought requires language was explained and answered by Vygotsky
D、Vygotsky explored the relation between language and thoughts
答案D
解析 Vygotsky为inner speech这一理论进行了辩论，可见，他探索和发展了语言同思考之间的关系，这一点是肯定的。答案为D。
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