首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion -- a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terr
Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion -- a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terr
admin
2013-09-28
31
问题
Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion -- a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive; knowing neither joy nor pleasure, anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn; they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear; people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist; in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Society’s economic underpinnings would be destroyed; since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them.
In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an object’s physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us — hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are good and others are bad, and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life -- from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal penal system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.
According to the passage, people’s learning activities possibly depend on ______.
选项
A、love and happiness
B、benefits and experience
C、help and support
D、rewards and punishments
答案
D
解析
细节题。文章第一段第四句话提到他们什么也学不到:他们不能从经验中受益,因为这个没有情感的世界既无奖励也无惩罚,由此可知人类的学习行为应当是取决于奖励与惩罚,故选D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/kRLK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Thenumberofstudentscarryingmobilephonesisincreasing.Therearedifferentvoicestowardthephenomenon.Doyouthinkscho
Contrary______publicopinion,thisareahaslongbeenaheavenforallformsofinsectlife.
Thedeclineinmoralstandards—whichhaslongconcernedsocialanalysts—hasatlastcapturedtheattentionofaverageAmericans.
ShoppinghabitsintheUnitedStateshavechangedgreatlyinthelastquarterofthe20thcentury.【C1】______inthe1900smostA
Acommonassumptionabouttheprivatesectorofeducationisthatitcatersonlytotheelite.【C1】______,recentresearchpoints
Theball______twoorthreeTimesbeforerollingdowntheslope.
Therelationshipbetweenthehomeandmarketeconomieshasgonethroughtwodistinctstages.Earlyindustrializationbeganthep
ItishardtobelievethatShanghai______sofastwitheachpassingday.
BradleyHeadstone,inhis_______blackcoatandwaistcoatlookedlikeapersonofGerman
MothertoldJimtowatchthemilkuntilitboiledandthen______offthegas.
随机试题
邓某经所在区工商局批准开了一家书店,一日当地一工商所人员丁某来到邓某的店里说:"有人举报称你经营淫秽书刊,现要对你罚款"。邓某再三解释也于事无补,无奈之下,当场交了1000元罚款,亦未收到罚单。事后,邓某向有关机关申请复议,丁某得知复议人员是自己的好友匡某
二氧化碳测定仪是以()为基础设计的,可检测出瓶装啤酒中瓶颈空气及二氧化碳含量。
失血性休克补充血容量是为了()。
某育肥猪群,部分猪出现消瘦、咳嗽、打喷嚏、腹式呼吸等症状,X线检查见肺部有云絮状阴影,剖检病死猪见肺心叶、尖叶上胰样病灶。治疗该病应选用的药物是
某被告不服一审法院驳回管辖异议的裁定提起上诉,在此期间,一审原告向一审法院提出撤诉申请。根据民事诉讼法的规定,正确的作法是()。
ARROW评级体系中风险评估的内容主要包括可能影响银行的外部风险。()
洗钱者通过金融机构洗钱的技巧包括()
求助者的社会接纳程度也可以看作是()。
一般资料:求助者,女性,42岁,已婚,大学文化程度,某公司业务经理。案例介绍:求助者父母的家在郊区,自己结婚后在市内购房生活,平时与父母、哥哥、姐姐的关系很融洽。因城市改造,求助者父母的房子被拆迁了,得到了两套房子和大笔拆迁款。求助者的父母自己住
因甲市某区阳光小区进行旧城改造,区政府作出《关于做好阳光小区旧城改造房屋拆迁补偿安置工作的通知》,王某等人对该通知不服,向区政府申请行政复议,要求撤销该通知。区政府作出《行政复议告知书》,告知王某等人向甲市政府申请复议。甲市政府作出《行政复议决定书》,认为
最新回复
(
0
)