首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
It’s almost an article of faith: your best ally in the fight against cancer is a doggedly optimistic outlook. And it would seem
It’s almost an article of faith: your best ally in the fight against cancer is a doggedly optimistic outlook. And it would seem
admin
2018-04-28
99
问题
It’s almost an article of faith: your best ally in the fight against cancer is a doggedly optimistic outlook. And it would seem that mounting evidence of the links between emotional and physical well-being would support that view. The only problem is that there is no good evidence to support that belief when it comes to eaneer. Moreover, the "tyranny" of positive thinking often becomes just one more burden for the sick.
It was research in the 1970s and ’80s that first popularized the idea that attitude might affect cancer outcomes. Sueh research led doctors to encourage patients to think happy thoughts and visaalize their immune system blasting away cancer cells. But most of those studies have been dismissed as either flawed or inconclusive. A review of 37 studies that was published in the British Medical Journal in 2002 found that although a positive outlook does correlate with the perception of less pain by patients--a real benefit-there is "little consistent evidence that coping styles play an important part in survival from or recurrence of cancer. "
Still, the optimism theory remains attraetive. One reason is that Americans live in a enlture that desires control. We want to befieve that we can beat cancer by imposing our will on the disease. A better reason is that mental states like depression and chronic anxiety have been shown to have physical consequences that affect the progression of such illnesses as heart disease and diabetes. While a similar connection is biologically plausible for cancer, it is far from proven.
Even researchers who believe that studies will ultimately establish links between stress and the progression of cancer, like Stanford’s Dr. David Spiegel, know the picture is complex. "It isn’t a matter of ’Fix it in your mind, and you fix it in your body, ’ " he says, "but it would be strange if what goes on in our minds didn’t affect how our bodies deal with illness. "
So where does that leave cancer patients? Doctors know that individuals will always bring their own disposition--sunny, sour or sarcastic--to bear on their illness and treatment. Pressuring them to be models of positive thinking is useless. Worse, it could cause them to hide their fears and reject support. But clinicians must remain alert for signs of depression, which can affect the outcome of any disease if it interferes with treatment. And many patients will also need--and welcome-help to improve poor coping skills. Spiegel says, "Having worked with people with life-threatening illnesses for 30 years, it’s clear that there are better and worse ways to deal with these things. " False optimism isn’t helpful, but neither is despair.
The author thinks that the optimism theory is derived from
选项
A、Americans’ cultural pride in overcoming everything.
B、the biological plausibility of willful control of cancer.
C、the assumed connection of mood with some illnesses.
D、the scientific researches in the 1970s and ’80s.
答案
A
解析
作者认为乐观主义理论源于什么?根据第三段第1-3句“Still,the optimism theory remains attractive.One reasonis that Americans live in a culture that desires control.We want tobelieve that we can beat cancer by imposing our will on the dis-ease.”可知,乐观主义理论保持吸引力的原因之一,是美国人生活在一种渴望控制的文化当中。我们想要相信自己能够通过将意志施加于疾病而打败癌症,故选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/kSRd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Thetangohasprobablytraveledfurtherandgonethroughmorechangesthanalmost【21】______.Africanslavesbroughtthetan
Thetangohasprobablytraveledfurtherandgonethroughmorechangesthanalmost【21】______.Africanslavesbroughtthetan
Allthewisdomoftheages,allthestoriesthathavedelightedmankindforcenturies,areeasilyandcheaply【21】______toa
Insomecountries,societalandfamilialtreatmentoftheelderlyusuallyreflectsagreatdegreeofindependenceandindividual
Insomecountries,societalandfamilialtreatmentoftheelderlyusuallyreflectsagreatdegreeofindependenceandindividual
Studiesoftheeffectthatmakesmanyofusslumberorfeelsleepyduringthequeen’sSpeechonChristmasDayhaverevealedthat
Inthe16thand17thcenturies,twopersonshelpedlaythefoundationofmoderneducation.Comenius,aCzechhumanist,greatlyi
Everycultureattemptstocreatea"universeofdiscourse"foritsmembers,awayinwhichpeoplecaninterprettheirexperience
OvershadowedbyrowsoverNigeriaandLockerbie,theCommonwealth’sattemptstorefocusontradeandinvestment—themaintheme
OvershadowedbyrowsoverNigeriaandLockerbie,theCommonwealth’sattemptstorefocusontradeandinvestment—themaintheme
随机试题
本质;精华n.e________
妊娠剧吐多见于年轻初产妇,常引起代谢性酸中毒。()
天花是通过下列哪一种疫苗的应用而被消灭的
A.甘露醇B.氢氯噻嗪C.呋塞米D.扑尔敏E.氨茶碱可用于治疗急性肺水肿的药物
一个体重为60kg的成人,其血量约为()
正常情况下,心脏最靠后方的心脏是()。
水库在正常运用的情况下,允许消落到的最低水位称()。
Excel默认使用的单元格引用是绝对引用。()
在我国会计实务中,固定资产的计价均采用历史成本。()
•Readthearticlebelowabouttechnicalwriters.•Foreachquestion31-40writeonewordinCAPITALLETTERSonyourAnswerShe
最新回复
(
0
)