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  3. Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by

Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by

admin2014-01-09  7
问题    Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. "You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply.’
   Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ 11 probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe. "Your memory itself isn’t failing you,’ says Schacter, "Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed, ’
   Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago," says Zelinski, "may not remember to drop a letter in the mail- box." Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that.
   Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness, says Schacter. "But be sure the cue is clear and available," he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table--don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
   Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.
What is the passage mainly about?
选项 A、The process of gradual memory loss.
B、The causes of absent-mindedness.
C、The impact of the environment on memory.
D、A way of encoding and recalling.
答案B
解析 纵观全文我们可以看出文章主要探讨造成“absent-mindedness”的原因，所以，[B]最符合题意。文章并没有涉及“memory loss”的过程，所以，[A]就谈不上是文章的主要内容。“The impact of the environment”只是影响记忆力的一个方面，也不是本文讨论的主要内容，故，[C]错误。文章只是讲到"encoding"是“paying attention to an event”的一种特殊方法，对于“recalling things”有重要作用，但也不是本文的重点，因此，[D]也不是正确答案。
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