首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Embracing failure is a cliche of the business world. But as Matthew Syed, a journalist at The Times, shows in a new book, Black
Embracing failure is a cliche of the business world. But as Matthew Syed, a journalist at The Times, shows in a new book, Black
admin
2023-01-17
12
问题
Embracing failure is a cliche of the business world. But as Matthew Syed, a journalist at The Times, shows in a new book, Black Box Thinking, in practice a "
stigmatizing
attitude toward error’ pervades everyday life. This has big implications.
Success brings its own rewards, but the world comes down hard on those who are deemed failures. The desire to avoid such opprobrium prompts people to cover up mistakes, argues Mr. Syed. Police foil to drop cases against people accused of committing a crime, even after clear evidence emerges of their innocence. Politicians plough on with policies even when it is obvious they are not working. All are psychological strategies to avoid admitting fault.
Fear of failure can have devastating consequences, as Mr. Syed shows in a story about United Airlines. In 1978, as a plane approached its destination, the pilot worried that the landing gear had not come down. Desperate, he tried to establish what was wrong, becoming blinded to the plane’s dwindling fuel reserves. Eventually the tank was empty, and the plane crashed. The worry of making a mistake—subjecting the passengers to a bumpy landing—blinded him to bigger problems.
The story is a metaphor. Investors hold on to losing stocks longer than they should. Unable to face the shame of a bad return, they end up with a much bigger loss. Fred Goodwin of RBS, a bank, fretted about the color of the carpets at head office while his firm collapsed under the weight of the financial crisis. The medical profession is especially intolerant of mishaps, says Mr. Syed. This means that mistakes are not scrutinized and people do not learn from them. Small wonder that blunders are pervasive. According to one study of acute care in hospitals, one in 10 patients "is killed or injured as a consequence of medical error or institutional shortcomings".
What to do? One solution is making it easy for people to own up or speak up, as the airline industry has learned to do better than any other. Mr. Syed’s more
novel
suggestion, though, is the rigorous testing of business strategies. This forces people to make improvements. The gold standard is the "randomized control trial" (RCT), in which a treatment group is compared with a control group. Capital One, a credit-card company, has used RCTs obsessively—over the fonts it uses, for example, and the scripts at its call-centers—to assess which initiatives fail and which do not. James Dyson, a technology entrepreneur, and Google are other cheerleaders for this hyperrational school of management.
This approach may also hold benefits for governments. David Halpern is the boss of the British governments Behavioral Insights Team (BIT), known as the "nudge unit", which uses RCTs to improve policy.
Identifying points of failure and making small changes, he argues, reaps
disproportionate gains
. By including a message on a car-tax form appealing to people’s sense of humanity, the BIT sharply boosted organ donations.
Much still needs to be done. Between 2010 and 2012 the BIT saved the British government only S300 million ($457 million), a negligible proportion of GDP. Few businesses incorporate RCTs as extensively as Capital One. Much more could be done. Hospitals could subject doctors to RCTs, identify the mistake-prone and then help them. Civil servants could randomly test the economic impact of policies, such as changes to income tax, before rolling them out It sounds extreme, but confronting failure rationally would bring huge rewards.
What can we infer about RCT from the passage?
选项
A、It has been utilized in various fields.
B、It is randomly selected by entrepreneurs.
C、It should be controlled in implementation.
D、It will be tested with advanced technology.
答案
A
解析
第5段倒数第2句提到“第一资本信用卡公司喜欢使用RCT评判各种措施的成败”,最后一句提到科技创业公司老板和谷歌公司也推崇RCT,第6段提到英国政府行为洞察小组利用RCT改进政府政策。这些例子都可以说明RCT已在不同领域得到应用。故A项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/kjcD777K
本试题收录于:
CATTI二级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI二级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
Thebiggestsuccessofthefossilfuelindustry’sdecades-longcampaigntopushdoubtaboutclimatescienceisthatitforcedth
TheWorldBank,InternationalTelecommunicationsUnion(ITU),GlobalSystemforMobileTelecommunicationsAssociation(GSMA),an
SelectiveNewYorkCitypublichighschoolsaresupposedtomakeiteasyforfamiliestoseetheirdetailedadmissioncriteria,
Thinnerisn’talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave【C1】________thatnormal-weightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomedi
Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymen
Britain’sprivateschoolsareoneofitsmostsuccessfulexports.Thechildrenofthewealthy【C1】________tothem,whetherfromC
TheaverageBritishpeoplegetsix-and-a-halfhours’sleepanight,accordingtotheSleepCouncil.Ithasbeenknownforsomet
NowthatwearefairlysurethattherearemanyEarth-likeplanetsintheGalaxy,thetimeisripe(oralmostso)towonderwhet
Theworldisonthetopofastaggeringriseinthenumberofoldpeople,andtheywilllivelongerthaneverbefore.【C1】_______
Net-zerorulessettosendcostofnewhomesandextensionssoaringNewbuildingregulationsaimedatimprovingenergyeffic
随机试题
PlantingaGardenPlantingagardenisalotlikehavingafamily.Bothrequireagreatdealofwork,【B1】________astheyg
男性,50岁,大便时突然出现剧烈头痛,伴呕吐,呕吐物为胃内容物,1年前曾有一过性右侧眼睑下垂,现来院急诊。如需做出病因诊断,应进行下列哪项检查
全科医学的“持续性服务”意味着
长期应用长春新碱易引起的特有毒性反应为长期应用环磷酰胺易引起的特有毒性反应为
对于审批人员超越授权范围审批的工程项目业务,经办人应该( )。
出口口岸()总价()
行政行为的内容包括()。
下面哪一项是窝沟封闭的非适应证()。
处于从没有任何心理紊乱到患有精神疾病之间的过渡带中的人们,是()。
Nowadays,moreandmoresmokers_______________(很清楚地意识到吸烟对他们自身健康的危害).
最新回复
(
0
)