2. 外语
  3. No other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care available is among the best technically, even if used t

No other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care available is among the best technically, even if used t

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问题    No other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care available is among the best technically, even if used too lavishly and thus dangerously, but none of the countries that stand above us in healthy status have such a high proportion of medically disenfranchised persons. Given the evidence that medical care is not that valuable and access to care not that bad, it seems most unlikely that our bad showing is caused by the significant proportion who are poorly served. Other hypotheses have greater explanatory power: excessive poverty, both actual and relative, and excessive affluence.
   Excessive poverty is probably more prevalent in the U. S. than in any of the countries that have a better infant mortality rate and female life expectancy at birth. This is probably true also for all but four or five of the countries with a longer male life expectancy. In the notably poor countries, that exceed us in male survival, difficult living conditions are a more accepted way of life and in several of them, a good basic diet, basic medical care and basic education, and lifelong employment opportunities are an everyday fact of life. In the U.S. a national unemployment level of 10 percent may be 40 percent in the ghetto while less than 4 percent elsewhere. The countries that have surpassed us in health do not have such severe or entrenched problems. Nor are such a high proportion of their people involve in them.
   Excessive affluence is not so obvious a cause of ill health, but, at least until recently, few other nations could afford such unhealthful ways of living. Excessive intake of animal protein and fats, dangerous intake of alcohol and use of tobacco and drugs (prescribed and proscribed), and dangerous recreational sports and driving habits are all possible only because of affluence. Our heritage, desires, opportunities, and our machismo, combined with the relatively low cost of bad foods and speedy vehicles, make us particularly vulnerable to our affluence. And those who are not affluent try harder. Our unacceptable health status, then, will not be improved appreciably by expanded medical resources nor by their redistribution so much as by a general at tempt to improve the quality of life for all. (373 words)
The passage provides information to answer which of the following questions?
选项 A、Which is the most powerful influence on the health status of a population?
B、Which nation in the world leads in health status?
C、Is the life expectancy of males in the U.S. longer than of females?
D、What are the most important genetic factors influencing the health of an individual?
答案A
解析 第一段作者指出美国人口健康状况差的因素：医疗服务的可利用性低、贫富两 极分化；第二段作者通过与其他国家相对比得出：健康状况超过了美国的国家则没有那么多 的极度贫困人口，来说明极度贫困可能是导致健康状况差的原因；第三段阐述极度富裕也不 是导致健康状况差的明显因素。同时还指出了遗传和个人行为也是其原因。综上所述，可见 本文是谈论影响人口健康状况的最大因素是什么。据此判断，答案是A。
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