首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The combination of the increased burden of AIDS in the developing world and the absence of affordable therapies and vaccines has
The combination of the increased burden of AIDS in the developing world and the absence of affordable therapies and vaccines has
admin
2009-04-23
39
问题
The combination of the increased burden of AIDS in the developing world and the absence of affordable therapies and vaccines has raised the sensitivity of health professionals to issues of ethics and equity in international biomedical research. Foremost among the concerns is whether new treatments should be compared against Western standards of care or against existing local standards. Other thorny issues include whether communities can benefit from research they have taken part in when they may not be able to afford the new interventions that prove effective and how researchers and their institutions in developing countries can be strengthened through international collaboration. Strong emotional responses and increased entrenchment have begun to characterize the discussion on how to design and conduct international biomedical research.
Those who venture into the discussion on international research have an obligation to begin with fairness as the principal rule of engagement, concerned that each party will have an equal share in what is brought to the table, and each will leave feeling equally satisfied. In reality, there is the overwhelming power of assertion among some participants and the temptation of expediency urging deference on the part of others.
The economic, social, technological, and political situations of disparity that weigh so heavily on this discussion should, however, not be used as reasons to disparage it. Parties affected by proposed health research projects need to become increasingly involved in designing and carrying out the research. In support of this, the role of local and national ethics committees in developing countries is becoming increasingly important. Similarly, local research institutions and scientists are gaining stronger roles in international research projects. There is also broader recognition of the need and value of consulting local communities and involving potential participants in research early on in the process of designing research protocols.
Given the enormous disparity between the parties involved in international research, it may not always be possible to achieve unity or even consensus. On the other hand, to allow any one voice(or group of voices) to dominate the conversation would be irresponsible. By fostering fairness and demanding a strong commitment to the highest values, we contribute to the power of health research to more fully address the urgencies of disease and the inequities of healthcare.
选项
A、whether the experimented treatments should be compared against local standards
B、whether the experimented treatments are shown to be effective
C、when local communities will be able to carry out their own research projects
D、the prohibitive costs involved
答案
A
解析
事实细节题。第一段指出:“最受关注的问题是,新型治疗应对照西方的医疗标准还是当地的现行标准。”
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/krR7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
下列关于股指期现套利的描述,正确的是()。
1998年我国对期货交易所进行第二次清理整顿后留下来的期货交易所有()。
下列属于蝶式套利的有()。
期货合约是期货交易所统一制定的、规定在()和地点交割一定数量标的物的标准化合约。
A、hasbeendecreasedlatelyB、hasbeenincreasedlatelyC、hasbeenunderestimatedD、hasbeenoverestimatedD最后一段第1句表明MarkkuKann
A、Peopleshouldcutdowntheirconsumption.B、Developingcountriesshouldmakegreatereffort.C、Theworldshouldrealizethepr
A、Napsmayhelptoimproveworkefficiency.B、Napsmayhelpworkersworkforlongerhours.C、Napsmaystopworkersdevelopinghe
A、Handlingcustomercomplaints.B、Recruitingandtrainingnewstaff.C、Dispatchingorderedgoodsontime.D、Developingcomputer
随机试题
对工作表中区域A2:A6进行求和运算,在选中存放计算结果的单元格后,键入()。
左心功能不全时发生呼吸困难的主机制是
A.采用棕色瓶密封包装B.产品冷藏保存C.制备过程中充入氮气D.处方中加入EDTA钠盐E.调节溶液的pH光照射可加速药物的氧化
周老太太应向哪一个法院起诉?周老太太1994年1月24日向法院申请强制执行。1月26日,该法院分别向甲、乙住所地法院和丙经常居住地法院发出委托执行的委托函和判决书副本。1月26日晚,周老太太因心脏病突发,被邻居送进医院,经抢救无效,1月28日凌晨去世。
当河流的断面宽深比()时,可视为矩形河流。
施工质量控制点的事前质量预控工作包括()。
在下列费用中,属于应收账款机会成本的是()。
按照贷款品种划分,个人贷款主要分为()。[2015年10月真题]
高速公路设计的行车时速一般为120公里,大大超过普通火车的时速。与一般公路相比,车速大大提高,运输成本可降低20%多,交通事故可减少60%至70%。一条4车道的高速公路,可承担的运输量相当于一条双轨铁路。美国现有高速公路每年在运输上可节约60070亿美元。
OnceagainTomcheckedhistestpapercarefullytodiminishallthespellingmistakesfromit.
最新回复
(
0
)