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  3. To broaden their voting appeal in the Presidential election of 1796, the Federalists selected Thomas Pinckney, a leading South C

To broaden their voting appeal in the Presidential election of 1796, the Federalists selected Thomas Pinckney, a leading South C

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问题     To broaden their voting appeal in the Presidential election of 1796, the Federalists selected Thomas Pinckney, a leading South Carolinian, as running mate for the New Englander John Adams. But Pinckney’s Southern friends chose to ignore their party’s intentions and regarded Pinckney as a Presidential candidate, creating a political situation that Alexander Hamilton was determined to exploit. Hamilton had long been wary of Adams’ stubbornly independent brand of politics and preferred to see his running mate, over whom he could exert more control, in the President’s chair.
    The election was held under the system originally established by the Constitution. At that time there was but a single tally, with the candidate receiving the largest number of electoral votes declared President and the candidate with the second largest number declared Vice President. Hamilton anticipated that all the Federalists in the North would vote for Adams and Pinckney equally in an attempt to ensure that Jefferson would not be either first or second in the voting. Pinckney would be solidly supported in the South while Adams would not. Hamilton concluded if it were possible to divert a few electoral votes from Adams to Pinckney, Pinckney would receive more than Adams, yet both Federalists would outpoll Jefferson.
    Various methods were used to persuade the electors to vote as Hamilton wished. In the press, anonymous articles were published attacking Adams for his monarchial tendencies and Jefferson for being overly democratic, while pushing Pinckney as the only suitable candidate. In private correspondence with state party leaders the Hamiltonians encouraged the idea that Adams’ popularity was slipping, that he could not win the election, and that the Federalists could defeat Jefferson only by supporting Pinckney.     Had sectional pride and loyalty not run as high in New England as in the deep South, Pinckney might well have become Washington’s successor. New Englanders, however, realized that equal votes for Adams and Pinckney in their states would defeat Adams; therefore, eighteen electors scratched Pinckney’s name from their ballots and deliberately threw away their second votes to men who were not even running. It was fortunate for Adams that they did, for the electors from South Carolina completely abandoned him, giving eight votes to Pinckney and eight to Jefferson.
    In the end, Hamilton’s interference in Pinckney’s candidacy lost even the Vice-Presidency of South Carolina. Without New England’s support, Pinckney received only 59 electoral votes, finishing third to Adams and Jefferson. He might have been President in 1797, or as Vice President a serious contender for the Presidency in 1800; instead, stigmatized by a plot he had not devised, he served a brief term in the United States Senate and then dropped from sight as a national influence.
The electors who scratched Pinckney’s name from their ballots behaved most like which of the following people?
选项 A、A newspaper publisher who adds a special section to the Sunday edition to review the week’s political events.
B、A member of the clergy who encourages members of other faiths to meet to discuss solutions to the community’s problems.
C、An artist who saves preliminary sketches of an important work even after the work is finally completed.
D、A general who orders his retreating troops to destroy supplies they must leave behind so they cannot be used by the enemy.
答案D
解析 把子克尼的名字从候选人名单上划掉的选举人像下面这样一种人：一位将军命令正在撤退的军队毁掉他们必须丢下的给养，不让敌人利用它们。新英格兰的选举人把自己的第二张选票浪费掉，既不让平克尼获益又不让杰斐获益，不把好处留给对手。
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