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  3. The term "business model" first came into widespread use with the invention of the personal computer and the spreadsheet(空白表格程序)

The term "business model" first came into widespread use with the invention of the personal computer and the spreadsheet(空白表格程序)

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问题     The term "business model" first came into widespread use with the invention of the personal computer and the spreadsheet(空白表格程序). Before the spreadsheet, business planning usually meant producing a single forecast. At best, you did a little sensitivity analysis around the projection. The spreadsheet ushered in a much more analytic approach to planning because every major line item could be pulled apart, its components and subcomponents analyzed and tested. You could ask what-if questions about the critical assumptions on which your business depended—for example, what if customers are more price-sensitive than we thought? — and with a few keystrokes, you could see how any change would play out on every aspect of the whole. In other words, you could model the behavior of a business. Before the computer changed the nature of business planning, most successful business models were created more by accident than by elaborate design. By enabling companies to tie their marketplace insights much more tightly to the resulting economics, spreadsheet made it possible to model business before they were launched.
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答案 随着个人计算机和空白表格程序的发明，“商业模型”这个术语首次得到了大规模的使用。空白表格程序被发明前，商业计划通常意味着进行一次单一的预测，充其量，你也只能在此单一预测的基础上再做一些敏感性分析。空白表格程序开启了一种更具分析性的规划方法，其原因是空白表格程序中的每一行中的项目都可以被拆分，其中的每一个部分及亚组成部分都可以被拆分和测试。你可以对商业所依赖的关键设想提出“如果……会怎么样?”的问题。例如，“如果顾客对价格的敏感度超过了我们的预期怎么办”，只需敲击几下键盘，你就可以看到某个变化对全局的各个方面可能产生怎么样的影响，换句话说，你可以对商业的行为建立模型。在计算机改变了商业规划的本质之前，绝大部分成功的商业规划与其说是精心策划出来的，不如说是运气使然。空白表格程序将公司的市场洞察力与相应的经济结果更为紧密地联系起来，从而使公司在商业运营开始前建立商业模型变为可能。
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